Anth 103 Final Quiz Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Anthropologists only study contemporary, living peoples.

False

What is the primary goal of emic research?

Help outsiders understand what it means to be a member of another culture.

Which of the following was primarily known as a native anthropologist?

Zora Neale Hurston

How is Malinowski's approach to the study of cultures different from Boas'?

Malinowski emphasized the notion of function in society, while Boas focused on the study of history and adaptation of culture. Signup and view all the answers

All of the following statements about understanding culture in anthropology are correct except:

Culture is biologically and genetically transmitted from person to person. Signup and view all the answers

Boas insisted that anthropologists must value a culture on its own terms. What is this idea called?

Cultural relativism Signup and view all the answers

It is common for anthropologists to feel confused and disoriented when they first arrive at their field sites.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence best describes the primary anthropological value of research among the homeless and drug addicts?

This research provides accurate information that can help the lives of these individuals by providing more effective recovery programs. Signup and view all the answers

Ethnocentrism is the tendency for:

Every society to view itself as superior to others. Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the organization that maintains a statement of ethical guidelines for anthropologists?

American Anthropological Association Signup and view all the answers

The fact that anthropologists working for government and industry often conduct secret research poses no ethical challenges to the discipline.

False Signup and view all the answers

During the late 20th century:

Members of minority groups in the United States gained stronger economic and political positions. Signup and view all the answers

The critical factor that distinguishes anthropology from other fields of study is:

Its interest in describing humankind throughout time and in all parts of the world. Signup and view all the answers

Anthropology degrees lead to about the same job prospects as other liberal arts degrees.

True Signup and view all the answers

The American Anthropological Association's current Code of Ethics is well-tailored to situations of violence and political danger.

False Signup and view all the answers

Traits such as skin color, hair color and texture, and nose shape are often chosen to determine race because:

They are easily visible. Signup and view all the answers

Postmodernism has been accepted now by all anthropologists.

False Signup and view all the answers

One critical difference between Western ethnocentrism and the ethnocentrism of many other peoples is:

Westerners have more often been in a position to impose their view of culture than have others. Signup and view all the answers

The big differences among human beings are the result of culture, not race.

True Signup and view all the answers

Anthropologists have become more sensitive to issues of voice and of power and have begun to reflect more critically on their role as observers in another culture primarily as a result of:

Postmodernism. Signup and view all the answers

In foraging (hunting and gathering) societies, land:

Is customarily used by certain groups, but others are not denied access to it. Signup and view all the answers

The Maasai have faced increasing difficulties practicing transhumant pastoralism primarily because:

The required grazing land has been taken from them. Signup and view all the answers

Among the Maasai, pasture land is:

Owned collectively rather than individually. Signup and view all the answers

The physical environment affects culture, but culture does not affect the physical environment.

False Signup and view all the answers

The demand for beef in America rose dramatically in the stock boom of the 1920s.

False Signup and view all the answers

The economic production of Turkish women:

Is best understood in terms of their social obligations and relations of reciprocity. Signup and view all the answers

A critical way in which industrial production differs from other productive systems is:

The focus of production moves from food to other goods. Signup and view all the answers

Marcel Mauss, and many other anthropologists, theorized that an important function of gift giving is to:

Hold societies together. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Anthropology Basics

Anthropologists study past and contemporary cultures, not limited to living peoples.
Emic research aims to provide an insider's understanding of a culture, helping outsiders comprehend its meanings.

Key Figures in Anthropology

Zora Neale Hurston is recognized as a prominent native anthropologist.
Bronislaw Malinowski's approach emphasized social function, contrasting with Franz Boas' focus on history and cultural adaptation.

Cultural Understanding in Anthropology

Culture is not transmitted biologically or genetically; it evolves socially and historically.
Cultural relativism, introduced by Boas, argues that cultures should be evaluated based on their own merits.

Fieldwork Experiences

Confusion and disorientation are common feelings for anthropologists upon arrival at field sites.
Research on marginalized groups, like the homeless, can provide valuable data for improving recovery programs.

Ethical Considerations

Ethnocentrism entails a society's belief in its superiority over others.
The American Anthropological Association provides ethical guidelines for anthropologists, addressing concerns about secretive research in government or industry.

Societal Changes

In the late 20th century, minority groups in the U.S. gained greater economic and political power.
Anthropology distinguishes itself by its comprehensive study of humanity across time and geography.

Job Prospects in Anthropology

Anthropology degrees result in job prospects similar to other liberal arts degrees.
The Association's Code of Ethics is not fully adapted to situations involving violence or political threats.

Racial Constructs and Views

Physical traits like skin color are often used to categorize race due to their visibility.
Not all anthropologists accept postmodernism, reflecting ongoing debates within the field.

Power Dynamics

Western ethnocentrism is characterized by a historical capacity to impose cultural views on others.
Major cultural differences are attributed more to societal influences than to biological race.

Voice and Power in Research

Postmodernism has led anthropologists to re-evaluate their roles as observers, becoming more aware of voice and power in research.

Land Use and Resource Management

In foraging societies, land access is often shared among groups rather than being privately owned.
The Maasai people's transhumant pastoralism faces challenges due to loss of grazing land.

Collective Land Ownership

Among the Maasai, pasture land is collectively owned, reflecting communal resource management.

Cultural Interactions with the Environment

The relationship between culture and the physical environment is reciprocal; culture affects environmental conditions just as they affect culture.

Economic Trends and Gift Giving

The demand for beef in the 1920s stock boom did not significantly increase.
Turkish women's economic production is viewed through their social networks and reciprocal obligations.
Gift giving serves a vital function in maintaining social cohesion, as theorized by Marcel Mauss.

Global Issues

Global warming significantly impacts environmental and cultural dynamics, though further specifics are necessary for a complete understanding.

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Description

Test your knowledge in Anthropology with these flashcards designed for the Anth 103 final exam. Covering key concepts such as emic research and notable anthropologists, this quiz will help reinforce your understanding of cultural studies. A great tool for revision as you prepare for your final assessment.

Anth 103 Final Quiz Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Anthropologists only study contemporary, living peoples.

What is the primary goal of emic research?

Which of the following was primarily known as a native anthropologist?

How is Malinowski's approach to the study of cultures different from Boas'?

All of the following statements about understanding culture in anthropology are correct except:

Boas insisted that anthropologists must value a culture on its own terms. What is this idea called?

It is common for anthropologists to feel confused and disoriented when they first arrive at their field sites.

Which sentence best describes the primary anthropological value of research among the homeless and drug addicts?

Ethnocentrism is the tendency for:

What is the name of the organization that maintains a statement of ethical guidelines for anthropologists?

The fact that anthropologists working for government and industry often conduct secret research poses no ethical challenges to the discipline.

During the late 20th century:

The critical factor that distinguishes anthropology from other fields of study is:

Anthropology degrees lead to about the same job prospects as other liberal arts degrees.

The American Anthropological Association's current Code of Ethics is well-tailored to situations of violence and political danger.

Traits such as skin color, hair color and texture, and nose shape are often chosen to determine race because:

Postmodernism has been accepted now by all anthropologists.

One critical difference between Western ethnocentrism and the ethnocentrism of many other peoples is:

The big differences among human beings are the result of culture, not race.

Anthropologists have become more sensitive to issues of voice and of power and have begun to reflect more critically on their role as observers in another culture primarily as a result of:

In foraging (hunting and gathering) societies, land:

The Maasai have faced increasing difficulties practicing transhumant pastoralism primarily because:

Among the Maasai, pasture land is:

The physical environment affects culture, but culture does not affect the physical environment.

The demand for beef in America rose dramatically in the stock boom of the 1920s.

The economic production of Turkish women:

A critical way in which industrial production differs from other productive systems is:

Marcel Mauss, and many other anthropologists, theorized that an important function of gift giving is to:

Study Notes

Anthropology Basics

Key Figures in Anthropology

Cultural Understanding in Anthropology

Fieldwork Experiences

Ethical Considerations

Societal Changes

Job Prospects in Anthropology

Racial Constructs and Views

Power Dynamics

Voice and Power in Research

Land Use and Resource Management

Collective Land Ownership

Cultural Interactions with the Environment

Economic Trends and Gift Giving

Global Issues

Studying That Suits You

Description

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