Questions and Answers
What is the origin of Scalenes?
What is the action of the Sternocleidomastoid?
Flex and side bend head
What muscle pulls the clavicle down?
Subclavius
What is the main action of Pectoralis Major?
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What is the insertion point of Pectoralis Minor?
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What is the action of Serratus Anterior?
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What is the origin of Rectus Abdominis?
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What muscle supports viscera and assists exhalation?
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What is the action of Transverse Abdominis?
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What is the action of the Internal Intercostals?
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What is the origin of the Diaphragm?
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What is the action of Internal Obliques?
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Study Notes
Scalenes
- Originates from the C2-C7 transverse processes.
- Inserts onto the 1st and 2nd rib.
- Functions to flex and rotate the head, raise the ribs.
Sternocleidomastoid
- Originates from the sternum and clavicle.
- Inserts at the mastoid process.
- Responsible for flexing and side bending the head.
Subclavius
- Originates from the proximal end of the 1st rib.
- Inserts onto the inferior distal part of the clavicle.
- Acts to pull the clavicle downward.
Pectoralis Major
- Originates from the clavicle, sternum, and the 1st to 6th ribs.
- Inserts at the lateral lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus.
- Facilitates horizontal adduction, adduction, flexion, and inward rotation of the arm.
Pectoralis Minor
- Originates from the 3rd to 5th rib.
- Inserts at the coracoid process of the scapula.
- Draws the scapula forward and downward.
Serratus Anterior
- Originates from the lateral surface of the 1st to 9th rib.
- Inserts on the anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula.
- Pulls the scapula forward (protraction) and rotates it.
Rectus Abdominis
- Originates from the pubic crest.
- Inserts onto the cartilage of the 5th to 7th ribs and xiphoid process.
- Functions to flex the trunk.
External Obliques
- Originates from the lateral surface of the 5th to 12th ribs, running diagonally downwards.
- Inserts at the abdominal aponeurosis, lower 3 ribs, and iliac crest.
- Involved in trunk rotation, flexion, side bending, supports viscera, and assists in exhalation.
Transverse Abdominis
- Originates from the anterior iliac crest, lateral half of the inguinal ligament, thoracolumbar fascia, and cartilages of ribs 6 to 12.
- Inserts into the abdominal aponeurosis, linea alba, xiphoid process, and pubic symphysis.
- Acts to compress the abdomen.
Internal and External Intercostals
- Located between adjacent ribs.
- Internal intercostals primarily function in forced exhalation.
- External intercostals are involved in inhalation.
Diaphragm
- Originates from the sternum, xiphoid process, costal cartilage of 7th to 12th ribs, and lumbar vertebrae.
- Inserts into the central tendon.
- Assists in inhalation by being drawn down.
Internal Obliques
- Originates from the iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, and inguinal ligament, running diagonally upward.
- Inserts at the abdominal aponeurosis, lower 3 ribs, and iliac crest.
- Functions in trunk rotation, flexion, side bending, supports viscera, and assists in exhalation.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the major muscles in the anterior torso with this flashcard quiz. Each card provides the origin, insertion, and action of key muscles like the scalenes and sternocleidomastoid. Perfect for anatomy students or health professionals looking to reinforce their understanding.
