37 Questions
Which muscle is responsible for trunk lateral flexion and trunk rotation during unilateral contraction?
Internal abdominal oblique muscle
From which ribs does the transversus abdominis muscle originate?
Ribs 7-12
Which nerve innervates the external abdominal oblique muscle?
Lower intercostal nerves (T7-T11)
Which muscle is responsible for respiration during bilateral contraction?
Transversus abdominis muscle
Where does the rectus abdominis muscle insert?
Xiphoid process, Costal cartilages of ribs
Which nerve innervates the pyramidalis muscle?
Subcostal nerve (T12)
Which of the following muscles originates from the thoracolumbar fascia?
Transversus abdominis muscle
Which muscle tenses the linea alba?
Pyramidalis muscle
Which of the following muscles inserts into the pubic crest and the pectineal line of pubis?
Transversus abdominis muscle
What are the subdivisions of the abdomen?
Nine abdominopelvic regions defined by specific anatomical planes
What is the composition of the superficial fascia superior to the umbilicus?
A single membranous layer continuous with the rest of the body
What is the composition of the superficial fascia inferior to the umbilicus?
Two layers: Camper's and Scarpa's fascia
What are stretch marks or striae distensae?
Elongated lines in the skin found in pregnant women, obese people, and those with abdominal distention
What is the superior subcostal plane?
A plane passing right under the costal margins of the 10th ribs
What is the inferior intertubercular plane?
A plane connecting the tubercules of the iliac crests
What are the midclavicular planes?
Planes passing through the midpoint of each clavicle and halfway between the pubic symphysis and the anterior superior iliac spine
What is the function of the superficial fascia?
To store fat and provide insulation
What is the purpose of dividing the abdomen into regions?
To facilitate surgical access to specific organs
What is the most common incision location for a Caesarean section?
Superior to the pubis and bladder
Which structure forms the mesentery that suspends the abdominal viscera?
Parietal peritoneum
What lies deep to the transverse abdominis muscle?
Extraperitoneal fat
Which structure lines the internal surface of the abdominal wall?
Parietal peritoneum
What is abundant in the posterior abdominal wall, especially around the kidneys and pelvic floor?
Extraperitoneal fat
Which structure is NOT cut through during a C-section?
Transversalis muscle
Where is a transverse cut made during a C-section?
"Superior to the pubis and bladder"
'Camper's fascia' is a layer encountered during which surgical procedure?
"Cesarean section"
'Scarpa's fascia' sits between which two layers during a Cesarean section?
"Skin and Camper's fascia"
'Pyramidalis muscle' is found deep to which muscle during a Cesarean section?
"Rectus abdominis muscle"
What is the function of Scarpa's fascia?
It firmly attaches to the linea alba and pubic symphysis, and fuses with the fascia lata below the inguinal ligament.
In men, what does Camper's fascia contribute to?
It continues over the penis and blends with Scarpa's fascia to form the superficial fascia of the penis.
What is the continuation of Scarpa's fascia in women?
It continues into the labia majora and anterior perineum.
Which muscles form the lateral flat muscle group situated on either side of the abdomen?
External oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis.
What are the anterior vertical muscles situated bilaterally to the linea alba?
Rectus abdominis and pyramidalis.
Which muscle is the most superficial among the lateral flat muscle group?
External oblique
What is the attachment site of the external oblique muscle?
It attaches to the outer surfaces of the lower ribs and iliac crest.
What is the continuation of the external oblique muscle anteriorly?
It continues as the external oblique aponeurosis, which courses anteriorly to the rectus abdominis muscle and inserts into the linea alba.
What is the inguinal ligament?
It is the inferior border of the external oblique aponeurosis, between the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic tubercle.
Test your knowledge on the subdivisions, fascia, and muscle attachments of the anterior abdominal wall. Learn about the four quadrants and nine abdominopelvic regions.
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