Questions and Answers
What does the term 'antebrachium' refer to?
What is the function of the interosseous membrane?
Joins bones, dividing the forearm into anterior and posterior compartments.
The anterior antebrachial region is divided into 5 superficial muscles and 3 deep muscles.
True
All the muscles of the anterior forearm are supplied by the __________ nerve.
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Which muscle is primarily responsible for pronation of the forearm?
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Which of the following muscles is NOT supplied by the median nerve?
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The flexor digitorum superficialis has tendons that travel through the __________ tunnel.
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Where do the deep anterior antebrachial muscles originate from?
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What is the primary action of the posterior antebrachial region muscles?
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Which of the following is a muscle of the posterior antebrachial region?
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The deep muscles of the antebrachial region include the supinator and abductor pollicis longus.
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What is the anatomical snuff box?
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Which nerve innervates the extensor carpi radialis longus?
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The flexor pollicis longus is responsible for flexing the __________.
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Study Notes
Antebrachial Region Overview
- The antebrachium refers to the forearm.
- The interosseous membrane connects the radius and ulna, separating the forearm into anterior and posterior compartments.
Anterior Antebrachial Region
- Muscles mainly perform wrist and finger flexion and forearm pronation.
- Comprised of five superficial muscles and three deep muscles.
- Supplied by the median nerve, except for the flexor carpi ulnaris and ulnar half of the flexor digitorum profundus, which are innervated by the ulnar nerve.
Superficial Muscles of Anterior Forearm
- Pronator Teres: Allows pronation and flexion of forearm; innervated by median nerve.
- Flexor Carpi Radialis: Facilitates wrist flexion and abduction; innervated by median nerve.
- Palmaris Longus: Tenses the palmar aponeurosis; innervated by median nerve.
- Flexor Carpi Ulnaris: Aids in wrist flexion and adduction; innervated by ulnar nerve.
- Flexor Digitorum Superficialis: Flexes middle and proximal phalanges; splits into two slips at carpal tunnel.
Deep Muscles of Anterior Forearm
- Flexor Digitorum Profundus: Flexes distal phalanges; innervated by median (digits 2 and 3) and ulnar nerve (digits 4 and 5).
- Flexor Pollicis Longus: Flexes the thumb; innervated by anterior interosseous nerve.
- Pronator Quadratus: Responsible for forearm pronation; innervated by anterior interosseous nerve.
Posterior Antebrachial Region
- Comprises twelve muscles: seven superficial and five deep.
- Functions include wrist and finger extension and forearm supination.
- All muscles supplied by the posterior interosseous nerve, which branches from the radial nerve.
Superficial Muscles of Posterior Forearm
- Brachioradialis: Flexes the forearm; innervated by radial nerve.
- Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and Brevis: Both extend and abduct the hand; radial nerve innervation.
- Extensor Digitorum and Extensor Digiti Minimi: Extend the fingers; innervated by posterior interosseous nerve.
- Extensor Carpi Ulnaris: Extends and adducts the hand; innervated by posterior interosseous nerve.
- Anconeus: Stabilizes the elbow and assists in elbow extension; innervated by radial nerve.
Deep Muscles of Posterior Forearm
- Supinator: Supinates the forearm; innervated by deep branch of radial nerve.
- Abductor Pollicis Longus: Abducts the thumb and wrist; innervated by posterior interosseous nerve.
- Extensor Pollicis Brevis and Longus: Extend the thumb; innervated by posterior interosseous nerve.
- Extensor Indicis: Extends the index finger; innervated by posterior interosseous nerve.
Anatomical Snuff Box
- Triangular depression on the radial side of the dorsal hand, near the carpal bones (scaphoid and trapezium).
- Historically used for placing and sniffing powdered tobacco.
Key Nerves and Vessels
- The radial artery and superficial radial nerve run under the brachioradialis and between the two heads of the pronator teres.
- The ulnar artery passes deep to the pronator teres.
- Median nerve travels deep to flexor digitorum superficialis and lies between tendons of palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis.
- The ulnar nerve and artery are located beneath flexor carpi ulnaris muscle.
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Test your knowledge of the antebrachial region with these flashcards. Each card defines key terms related to the forearm's anatomy, including muscles and structural features. Perfect for students studying anatomy or preparing for exams.
