Questions and Answers
Which of these are antagonistic hormones that regulate glucose/blood pressure?
What is the origin of insulin?
The beta cells on the islets of Langerhans on the pancreas
What is the origin of glucagon?
The alpha cells on the islets of Langerhans on the pancreas
What is insulin's function?
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What is glucagon's function?
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What are the targets of insulin and glucagon?
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What regulates insulin and glucagon?
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Which of these are antagonistic hormones that regulate calcium blood levels?
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What is the origin of calcitonin and PTH?
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What are the targets of calcitonin and PTH?
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What regulates calcitonin and PTH?
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What is calcitonin's function?
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What is PTH's function?
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From which endocrine gland does PTH and calcitonin originate?
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From which endocrine gland do glucagon and insulin originate?
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Study Notes
Glucose/Blood Pressure Antagonistic Hormones
- Insulin and glucagon are antagonistic hormones that regulate blood glucose levels.
- Insulin is produced by beta cells located in the Islets of Langerhans (IOL) in the pancreas.
- Glucagon is produced by alpha cells within the same islets of the pancreas.
Functions of Insulin and Glucagon
- Insulin lowers blood glucose levels, promoting glucose uptake by cells.
- Glucagon raises blood glucose levels by promoting the release of glucose from liver stores.
Targets of Insulin and Glucagon
- Both hormones primarily target the liver and muscle tissues, influencing glucose metabolism.
Regulation Mechanism
- Insulin and glucagon maintain homeostasis by regulating glucose levels in the blood.
Calcium Blood Levels Antagonistic Hormones
- Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone (PTH) are responsible for regulating calcium blood levels antagonistically.
- Calcitonin is produced by the thyroid gland.
Functions of Calcitonin and PTH
- Calcitonin lowers calcium levels by promoting calcium storage in bones.
- PTH increases calcium levels by stimulating the release of calcium from bones.
Targets of Calcitonin and PTH
- Both calcitonin and PTH affect bone, intestine, and kidneys, which are critical for calcium homeostasis.
Regulation Mechanism
- Calcitonin and PTH work together to maintain calcium levels in the blood.
Origin of Hormones
- Calcitonin and PTH are both produced in the parathyroid gland.
- Glucagon and insulin are produced in the pancreas, emphasizing the role of different endocrine glands in hormone secretion.
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Test your knowledge on antagonistic hormones with these flashcards that cover crucial concepts such as insulin and glucagon. Learn their origins, functions, and the role they play in blood glucose regulation. Perfect for students needing quick revision or a focused study session.
