Ansamycins

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Questions and Answers

What antimicrobials belong in the family Ansamycins?

Rifampin

What is rifampin also called?

Rifampicin

What is the ranking Ansamycins in the WHO list of medically important antimicrobials ?

Critically important antimicrobial

The use of Ansamycins SHOULD NOT be used in food producing animals

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of rifampin allows it to easily penetrate cell membranes?

<p>Highly liposoluble (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rifampin is stable in which type of pH environment?

<p>Acidic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are rifampin dosages adjusted when administered with feed?

<p>To compensate for decreased bioavailability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rifampin has ______________ volume of distribution (Vd) and is approximately ______ percent bound to plasma proteins?

<p>Moderate; 78%</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rifampin is able to penetrate all of the following tissues EXCEPT:

<p>Cartilage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rifampin is primarily metabolized by which organ?

<p>Liver (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consequence of rifampin being a hepatic enzyme inducer?

<p>Decreased elimination half-life with multiple administrations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rifampin exerts its antibacterial effect by inhibiting which bacterial enzyme?

<p>DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does rifampin effectively target intracellular bacteria?

<p>By entering neutrophils and macrophages to kill intracellular bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rifampin penetrates the outer membrane of Gram __________ bacteria more easily than gram __________ bacteria (Type out whole sentence)

<p>Rifampin penetrates the outer membrane of gram positive bacteria more easily than gram negative bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of activity does rifampin exhibit?

<p>Time-dependent with a long PAE (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rifampin is reported bactericidal or bacteriostatic

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does rifampin interact with P-glycoprotein transporters? (Antagonistic effect)

<p>Increases their intestinal expression, reducing oral bioavailability of other drugs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rifampin induces hepatic and intestinal cytochrome P450 enzymes, which results in:

<p>Lower plasma concentrations and increased clearance of prednisolone in dogs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the antagonistic effect of rifampin’s microsomal enzyme induction and which drugs can it affect?

<p>It may shorten the elimination half-life and decrease plasma drug concentrations; drugs such as chloramphenicol and trimethoprim</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug(s) is rifampin antagonistic with?

<p>Gentamicin or Amikacin (aminoglycosides)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of (general) adverse affects noted with Ansamycins?

<p>Hepatic lesions, teratogenicity (rodents) and orange discoloration of body fluid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

One of the side effects of the administration of rifampin is that it stains everything red that it’s in contact with. Which of the following may be discolored red-orange?

<p>Feces and urine (A), Saliva (B), Sweat (C), Tears (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the spectrum of activity of Ansamycins?

<p>Broad spectrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

Other antimicrobials are usually administered with rifampin in order to prevent _________________________

<p>Rapid development of bacterial resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the human formulation of ansamycins?

<p>Available as capsules or suspension for oral administration and as a diluted solution for IV use (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rifampin is especially active in the treatment of infections caused by which bacteria?

<p>Staphylococcus and Rhodococcus equi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rifampin is active in (acidic/basic) pH.

<p>Acidic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Ansamycin Antimicrobial

Rifampin, also known as Rifampicin, belongs to the Ansamycins family.

WHO Ranking of Ansamycins

Ansamycins are ranked as critically important antimicrobials by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Rifampin Solubility

Rifampin is highly liposoluble, enabling it to easily penetrate cell membranes.

Rifampin pH Stability

Rifampin is stable in an acidic pH environment.

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Rifampin Dosage Adjustment

Rifampin dosages are adjusted when administered with feed to compensate for decreased bioavailability.

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Rifampin Distribution and Binding

Rifampin has a moderate volume of distribution (Vd) and is approximately 78% bound to plasma proteins.

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Rifampin Metabolism

Rifampin is primarily metabolized by the liver.

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