Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of generalized anxiety disorder?

  • Irrational fear of a specific object or situation
  • Anxiety about a wide range of situations (correct)
  • Episodes of intense anxiety or panic
  • Recurring thoughts leading to repetitive behaviors

    • Which of the following is NOT a psychological feature of generalized anxiety disorder?

  • Feeling of euphoria (correct)
  • Lack of concentration
  • Irritability
  • Aggression

    • What is the primary difference between a phobia and generalized anxiety disorder?

  • Specificity of the feared object or situation (correct)
  • Duration of anxiety episodes
  • Level of anxiety experienced
  • Physical symptoms experienced

    • Which of the following is a risk factor for anxiety?

    <p>Hypoglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common consequence of untreated anxiety?

    <p>Depression or substance abuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of condition is anxiety?

    <p>Psychiatric condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of women aged 20-30 affected by bulimia nervosa?

    <p>10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main risk factor for Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Increased risk with age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common eating disorder?

    <p>Bulimia nervosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the lifetime expectancy of developing depression?

    <p>10-20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the age range for the onset of bipolar disorder?

    <p>20-40 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of dementia in over 70% of cases?

    <p>Alzheimer's disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sex ratio for depression?

    <p>F:M = 2:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for dementia?

    <p>Social support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main clinical feature of Parkinson's disease?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dental relevance for depression?

    <p>Increased oral health problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the lifetime risk of developing schizophrenia?

    <p>1%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of dementia cases due to Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Over 70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk of suicide for people with anorexia nervosa?

    <p>10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the age range for the onset of schizophrenia?

    <p>15-35 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is anorexia nervosa?

    <p>An eating disorder where you feel a need to keep your weight as low as possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dental complication of bulimia nervosa due to self-induced vomiting?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the peak age incidence for anorexia nervosa?

    <p>10-19 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main clinical feature of Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dental relevance for schizophrenic patients?

    <p>Increased oral health problems due to neglect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sex ratio for anorexia nervosa?

    <p>F:M = 20:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common complication of IV drug misuse?

    <p>Hepatitis B,C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a drug abuser?

    <p>Good knowledge of formulary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a method of detoxification?

    <p>May need substitute drug e.g. methadone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a factor affecting alcohol consumption?

    <p>Sex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a CAGE question?

    <p>Have you ever felt you should Cut down on your drinking?</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a medical feature indicating alcohol dependence?

    <p>CV Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a GDC responsibility related to drug and alcohol use?

    <p>Raise concerns about colleague health, behaviour or professional performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a component of the initial intervention in managing problem drinking?

    <p>Assess alcohol consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a component of controlling drinking/abstinence in managing problem drinking?

    <p>Reducing the alcoholic strength of drinks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a component of the support after withdrawal in managing problem drinking?

    <p>Residential rehabilitation programmes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes psychological dependence?

    <p>A condition in which the drug promotes a feeling of satisfaction and a drive to repeat the consumption of the drug</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the phenomenon where the body requires increasingly larger amounts of a substance to achieve the same effect?

    <p>Tolerance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a Class A drug?

    <p>Ecstasy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the physical disturbances that occur when the amount of drug in the body is markedly reduced?

    <p>Withdrawal syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a constitutional aetiology of drug dependence?

    <p>Genetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the therapeutic property of cannabis that helps patients with Multiple Sclerosis?

    <p>Helping Multiple Sclerosis patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical feature of acute intoxication from cannabis?

    <p>Euphoria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for ecstasy intoxication?

    <p>Rehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the dental complication that can arise from chewing Qat?

    <p>Plasma cell gingivitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical feature of solvent abuse in teenagers?

    <p>Euphoria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Anxiety Disorders

    • Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD): a long-term condition characterized by feelings of anxiousness about a wide range of situations.
    • Physical clinical features of GAD: dizziness, tachycardia, palpitations, diarrhea, dry mouth, headaches, and insomnia.
    • Psychological features of GAD: aggression, lack of concentration, poor memory, loss of sleep, irritability, restlessness, and feelings of being on edge.

    Phobias

    • A phobia is an irrational fear of an object or situation that triggers severe anxiety.

    Panic Disorder

    • Panic disorder: episodes of intense anxiety or panic.

    Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

    • OCD: recurring thoughts leading to a need to repeatedly perform certain acts.

    Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

    • PTSD: anxiety caused by a stressful, frightening, or distressing event.

    Risk Factors for Anxiety

    • Positive or negative life events, drug misuse, hyperthyroidism, hypoglycemia, dysrhythmias, and increased adrenaline.

    Clinical Features of Anxiety

    • Tachycardia, dizziness, diarrhea, dry mouth, bruxism, dysphagia, aggression, irritation, poor concentration, reduced pain threshold, and sleep loss.

    Treatment of Anxiety

    • Sympathy, empathy, reassurance, giving patients control back, sedation for very anxious patients, and beta blockers.

    Social Anxiety Disorder

    • Fear of social situations.

    Depression

    • Sustained depression of mood, a unipolar mood disorder.
    • Clinical features of depression: sustained lowering of mood, early morning waking, loss of concentration, anhedonia, suicidal thoughts, loss of appetite, lack of energy, and reduced libido.

    Bipolar Disorder

    • Alternating episodes of depression and euphoria.

    Schizophrenia

    • Psychosis, loss of contact with reality, characterized by hallucinations, disordered thoughts, and delusions.

    Eating Disorders

    • Anorexia nervosa: an eating disorder characterized by a need to keep weight as low as possible.
    • Clinical features of anorexia nervosa: low self-esteem, depression, anxiety, lightheadedness, dizziness, and amenorrhoea.
    • Bulimia nervosa: an eating disorder characterized by restricting food intake, then binge eating, and then self-induced vomiting or laxative abuse.

    Dental Complications

    • Dental complications of psychiatric disorders: poor dental attendance, poor oral hygiene, increased risk of smoking, alcohol abuse, and illegal drug abuse.
    • Dental complications of eating disorders: dental erosion, salivary gland enlargement, and increased risk of fainting/postural hypotension.

    Dementia

    • Gradual deterioration of intellect, memory, and cognitive function in the absence of a disturbance of consciousness.
    • Clinical features of dementia: impaired intellect, memory, and concentration, difficulty reading, writing, and speaking, and personality changes.

    Alzheimer's Disease

    • A degenerative disease, characterized by the death of brain cells, leading to memory loss and cognitive decline.
    • Risk factors for Alzheimer's disease: increased age, family history, previous head injury, smoking, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolaemia.

    Parkinson's Disease

    • A neurological disorder, characterized by the death of dopamine-producing neurons, leading to tremors, rigidity, and hypokinesia.
    • Clinical features of Parkinson's disease: tremor, rigidity, hypokinesia, postural changes, loss of facial expression, delayed swallowing, and depression.

    Drug Abuse

    • Drug abuse: the use of natural and synthetic substances to alter mental state.
    • Classification of drugs: class A, B, and C, depending on the level of risk associated with their use.

    Dental Complications of Drug Abuse

    • Dental complications of drug abuse: dry mouth, oral ulceration, and oro-nasal fistula.

    Treatment of Drug Abuse

    • Treatment of drug abuse: rehydration, social support, and psychological support.

    Qat

    • Qat: a drug commonly used in Northern Yemen and Ethiopia, which can cause euphoria, abdominal pain, and constipation.
    • Dental complications of Qat: plasma cell gingivitis, ulceration, and lichenoid reactions.

    Solvents

    • Solvents: substances that can be inhaled to produce a sense of euphoria, but can also cause hallucinations, coma, and depression.

    IV Drug Misuse

    • IV drug misuse: injecting drugs into the bloodstream, which can cause abscesses, thrombophlebitis, arterial spasm, septicaemia, infective endocarditis, and hepatitis.

    Detoxification

    • Detoxification: the process of allowing the body to rid itself of a drug, which can be done through dose reduction, symptomatic treatment, and inpatient treatment.

    Rehabilitation

    • Rehabilitation: the process of helping individuals overcome drug addiction, which can be done through leaving the drug culture, residential rehabilitation, and counseling.

    Alcohol Use

    • Alcohol use: a common drug that can be used in moderation, but can also lead to dependence and addiction.

    CAGE Questions

    • CAGE questions: a set of questions used to recognize drinking problems in patients, which include: Have you ever felt you should cut down on your drinking?, Have people annoyed you by criticizing your drinking?, Have you ever felt bad or guilty about your drinking?, and Do you need an eye-opener first thing in the morning?

    Features of Alcohol Dependence

    • Features of alcohol dependence: requests for medical certificates, marital and financial problems, prosecution for violent behavior, and medical features such as GI cirrhosis, pancreatitis, and cardiovascular disease.

    Dental Features of Alcohol Dependence

    • Dental features of alcohol dependence: poor attendance, mixing with other drugs, and oral cancer.

    Psychiatric Features of Alcohol Dependence

    • Psychiatric features of alcohol dependence: depression, personality change, hallucinations, anxiety, and sexual dysfunction.

    GDC Responsibilities

    • GDC responsibilities: raising concerns about a colleague's health, behavior, or professional performance, and acting on concerns to prevent poor practice.

    Managing Problem Drinking

    • Managing problem drinking: assessing alcohol consumption, providing information, giving advice, and controlling drinking/abstinence.

    Detoxification

    • Detoxification: the process of allowing the body to rid itself of alcohol, which can be done through daily supervision, multivitamins, and benzodiazepines.

    Support After Withdrawal

    • Support after withdrawal: primary healthcare team, community alcohol team, residential rehabilitation programs, voluntary organizations, and disulfiram.

    Withdrawal Syndrome

    • Withdrawal syndrome: a set of symptoms that occur when the body is deprived of alcohol, which can include headaches, nausea, vomiting, sweating, and tremors.

    Delirium Tremens

    • Delirium tremens: a severe and potentially life-threatening withdrawal syndrome, characterized by delirium, tremors, and hallucinations.

    Complications of Delirium Tremens

    • Complications of delirium tremens: fits, hyperthermia, dehydration, and shock.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on anorexia nervosa, including its clinical features, suicide risk, and bulimia nervosa, an eating disorder associated with abnormal attitudes towards food and body image.

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