Annuities and Perpetuities

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Questions and Answers

What is the term for a consistent series of cash flows occurring at regular intervals over a defined timeframe?

  • Installment plan
  • Perpetuity
  • Annuity (correct)
  • Annuity due

Assuming all other factors remain constant, which of the following changes would lead to an increase in the present value of an annuity?

  • Decreasing the interest rate (correct)
  • Increasing the interest rate
  • Decreasing the number of payments
  • Decreasing the amount of the payment

If both an ordinary annuity and an annuity due have $500 annual cash flows for 20 years and share the same interest rate, which has the higher present value?

  • It cannot be determined without knowing the interest rate
  • Ordinary annuity
  • Annuity due (correct)
  • The present value is the same for both

What term describes a consistent stream of equal cash payments that continues indefinitely?

<p>A perpetuity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the present value of a perpetuity calculated?

<p>Dividing the payment by the interest rate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given that a perpetuity and an annuity have the same payment amounts and interest rate, how will the present value of the perpetuity compare to that of the annuity?

<p>Higher (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An annuity pays $950 each year. Payments start 13 years from today and end 27 years from today. How many payments are made?

<p>15 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You receive an insurance settlement that pays $8,000 per year, starting at the beginning of year 3 and ending 18 years from today. How many payments will you receive?

<p>17 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the present value of a five-period annuity of $3,000 paid annually with a 12% interest rate, where the first payment is made one year from today?

<p>$10,814.33 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An annuity due will make eight annual payments of $4,000. If the discount rate is 5%, what is its present value?

<p>$27,145.49 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you invest $2,000 at the end of each of the next 40 years and earn 9% per year, how much will you accumulate?

<p>$675,764.89 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An ordinary annuity makes seven annual payments of $1,342. If the present value of these payments is $7,585.65, what is the discount rate?

<p>5.65% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the monthly payment on a $675,000 30-year home mortgage with a 3.6% APR, assuming a $40,000 down payment and payments at the end of each month?

<p>$2,887.00 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the present value of a $5 million prize paid in 20 equal yearly installments, beginning today, with a 7% discount rate?

<p>$2,833,898.81 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The present value of an ordinary annuity paying $128 per year is $5,682 at a 9.5% rate. Approximately how much would its value change if it were an annuity due?

<p>$539.79 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An ordinary annuity has a present value of $24,000, while an otherwise identical annuity due has a present value of $25,000. What discount rate is implied?

<p>4.17% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A perpetuity pays $1,200 annually at the end of each year. To earn a 7.5% annual return, how much should you pay for it today?

<p>$16,000.00 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An ordinary perpetuity sells for $14,500 and has a 4.48% return. What will the perpetuity pay annually?

<p>$649.60 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You're considering buying a perpetuity that makes annual payments of $7,500 at the end of each year, starting one year from today. If the asking price is $56,000, what is the implied interest rate?

<p>13.39% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A perpetuity pays $5,000 per year, with payments starting today, offering a 12.5% return. What is its present value?

<p>$45,000.00 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the present value of a ten-year annuity of $1,500 per year, with the first payment five years from today, assuming a 6% discount rate?

<p>$8,744.82 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The present value of a five-period ordinary annuity is $4,600. With an 8.5% discount rate, what would the annual payment be if the first payment occurred nine years from today?

<p>$2,241.96 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A perpetuity pays $840 at the end of each year, with the first payment seven years from today, and a 3.36% discount rate. What is the present value of the perpetuity?

<p>$20,503.36 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An ordinary perpetuity pays $100 per year. At a 6.4% interest rate, what would an eight-year annuity due payment need to be to have the same present value as the perpetuity?

<p>$240.24 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the present value of a growing perpetuity with payments of $1,080 that increase annually at 2.3%, assuming a 7.7% cost of capital?

<p>$20,000 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The present value of a deferred growing perpetuity is $50,000, with an 8% rate of return and a 2.5% payment growth rate. If the first payment occurs six years from today, what is the amount of that payment?

<p>$4,040.65 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Scotty's real estate agent states homes in his price range involve payments of $1,850.93 monthly for 30 years at 4.2% APR. Assuming end of period payments, what would the payment be on a 15-year mortgage?

<p>$2,837.81 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

DJ wants to live on $100,000 per year in retirement, increasing with inflation at 3.6% annually. With a 7.6% investment return, how much money must DJ have when he retires (first payment one year after retirement)?

<p>$2.5 million (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bill will buy his friend's horse, Thundercloud, with nine equal monthly payments starting two months from today. If the horse is valued at $7,465 and the cost of capital is 10.2%, what will Bill's payment be?

<p>$872.45 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

TCB Motorcycles offers $522.59 monthly payments for 48 months on a $25,000 bike after a $4,000 down payment. What is the loan's APR, with end-of-month payments?

<p>9% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Hound Dog Diner wants to establish a growing Employee of the Year award with an initial prize of $2,500, growing 3% annually. How much does the company need to invest if they invest at 8%, and the first prize begins today?

<p>$54,000 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Today, Colonel Tom got a bank loan to open a Parker's Chicken franchise. The loan requires annual payments of $56,475.96 with the first payment being made two years from today and the last payment being made 35 years from today. If the interest rate on the loan is 5.8%, how much did Tom borrow from the bank?

<p>$785,000 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Gladys invests $1,000 at the end of each year for eight years, starting one year from today. It pays 12% annually for the first four years and 8% for the last four. What will her account balance be at the end of eight years?

<p>$11,008.34 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Vernon wants to buy a gold ring for his wife. Option 1 is to buy the ring today for $40,000 cash. Option 2 requires a down payment and then a monthly payment of $963.81 for 36 months (first payment one month from today). If the APR is 6.6%, what is the required down payment using option 2?

<p>$8,600 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

James wants to retire 20 years from today and then start withdrawing $120,000/year for each of the next 25 years. At a 12% interest rate, how much does he need to save at the end of each of the next 20 years to achieve his goal?

<p>$13,062.38 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Grace has two investment options: $5,000 per year starting at age 25 or $10,000 per year starting at age 35. Last deposit for either is age 64, with a 9.5% interest rate. How much more/less would Grace have at age 64 investing in Option 2 vs Option 1?

<p>-$435,724.94 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Heartbreak Hotel bought a property for $500,000, financing it with a 30-year, 4.9% APR annual payment loan. When half the mortgage is paid off (remaining principal balance is $250,000), how many payments remain?

<p>approximately 10 payments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sun Records needs to buy $38,000 recording equipment in five years. They've saved $17,000 and plan to deposit $1,800/year. What interest rate does Sun need to earn?

<p>9.75% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sam will retire in 10 years and wants to throw a huge party funded by a $1,500 deposit made today and equal annual deposits of $500 made two to ten years from today, and also depositing a lump sum of $1,000 five years from today. How much money will he have if he can earn 6.5%?

<p>$10,051.72 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The US president earns $400,000/year while in office and a $226,300 annual pension for life after leaving office, paid at each year's end. Assuming an 8-year term and 7% interest, what is the present value of this compensation plan?

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Flashcards

What is an annuity?

A stream of equal cash flows at fixed intervals for a specified period.

Increase the present value of an annuity

Decreasing the interest rate will increase the present value of an annuity.

Higher present value, ordinary annuity vs annuity due?

An annuity due has a higher present value.

What is a perpetuity?

A stream of equal cash payments lasting forever.

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How do you determine a perpetuity?

Dividing the payment by the interest rate.

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Perpetuity or annuity present value, which is higher?

The present value will be higher than annuity.

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How many payments will the annuity make?

The annuity will make 15 payments.

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How many settlement payments will you receive?

You will receive 17 payments.

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What is the present value of a five year annuity?

The present value is $10,814.33.

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What is the present value of an annuity due?

The present value is $27,145.49.

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How much will you accumulate?

The total amount accumulated is $675,764.89.

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What is the discount rate?

The discount rate is 5.65%.

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What is the monthly payment?

The monthly payment is $2,887.00.

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What is the present value of the 5 million prize?

The present value is $2,833,898.81.

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How much would the value change?

The annuity due will increase by $539.79.

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What is the implied discount rate?

The implied discount rate is 4.17%.

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How much should you pay for the perpetuity today?

You should pay $16,000.00 for the perpetuity today.

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What will the perpetuity pay annually?

The perpetuity will pay $649.60 annually.

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If the perpetuity is currently selling for $56,000.

The rate of interest is 13.39%.

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What is its present value?

The present value is $45,000.00.

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What is the present value?

The present value is $8,744.82.

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What would the annual payment be?

The annual payment is $2,241.96.

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What is the present value of the perpetuity?

The present value of the perpetuity is $20,503.36.

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What would an eight-year due payment need to be.

The eight-year annuity due payment needs to be $240.24.

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What is the present value of the growing perpetuity?

The present value is $20,000.

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What is the amount of that payment?

The amount of that payment is $4,040.65.

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What would the payment be on a 15-year mortgage?

The payment would on a 15-year mortgage is $2,837.81.

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How much money does DJ need when he retires?

DJ must have $2.5 million when he retires.

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What will Bill's payment be?

Bill's payment will be $872.45.

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What is the loan's APR?

APR payments are made at 9%.

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Study Notes

  • A stream of level cash flows that occurs at fixed intervals for a specified period is known as an annuity.
  • Decreasing the interest rate will increase the present value of an annuity, assuming all other variables remain constant.
  • An annuity due has a higher present value than an ordinary annuity, assuming both have the same annual cash flows and interest rate.
  • A stream of equal cash payments lasting forever is a perpetuity.
  • The present value of a perpetuity can be determined by dividing the payment by the interest rate.
  • A perpetuity's present value is higher compared to an annuity with identical payment amounts and interest rate.
  • An annuity paying $950 each year, with the first payment 13 years from today and the last 27 years from today, will make 15 payments.
  • An insurance settlement paying $8,000 per year, with the first payment at the beginning of year 3 and the last 18 years from today, will give you 17 payments.
  • The present value of a five-period annuity of $3,000 paid annually at a 12% interest rate is $10,814.33 if the first payment is made one year from today.
  • An annuity due with eight annual payments of $4,000 at a 5% discount rate has a present value of $27,145.49.
  • If you invest $2,000 at the end of each of the next 40 years, with a 9% annual return, you will accumulate $675,764.89.
  • An ordinary annuity makes seven annual payments of $1,342, and given the present value of $7,585.65, the discount rate equals 5.65%.
  • A $675,000 30-year home mortgage with a $40,000 down payment and a 3.6% APR has monthly payments of $2,887.00, assuming payments occur at the end of the month.
  • A $5 million prize received in 20 equal yearly payments, with the first payment beginning today and a 7% discount rate, has a present value of $2,833,898.81.
  • The present value of an ordinary annuity payment stream of $128 per year is $5,682 when valued at a 9.5% rate. By approximately $539.79 would the value change if this were an annuity due.
  • An ordinary annuity and an annuity due are identical in every way except the present value of the annuity due. the annuity due is $25,000 while the present value of the ordinary annuity is $24,000, the implied discount rate equals 4.17%.
  • A perpetuity paying $1,200 at the end of each year, earning an annual return of 7.5%, would cost $16,000.00 today.
  • An ordinary perpetuity selling for $14,500 boasts a return of 4.48%, so the perpetuity will pay annually $649.60.
  • You are considering the purchase of a perpetuity that makes annual payments of $7,500 at the end of each year starting one year from today. If the perpetuity is currently selling for $56,000, the perpetuity paying has a rate of interest of 13.39%.
  • A perpetuity paying $5,000 per year with payments beginning today offers a 12.5% return with a present value of $45,000.00.
  • The present value of a ten-year annuity of $1,500 per year that makes its first payment five years from today with a discount rate of 6% is $8,744.82.
  • The present value of a five-period ordinary annuity is $4,600, and the annual payment on this annuity if the first payment occurred nine years from today, assuming a discount rate of 8.5% is $2,241.96.
  • A perpetuity pays $840 at the end of each year, with the first payment occurring seven years from today and at a 3.36% discount rate, the present value of the perpetuity equals $20,503.36.
  • An ordinary perpetuity pays $100 per year. An eight-year annuity due payment with an interest rate of 6.4% would need to be $240.24 to have the same present value as the perpetuity.
  • Present value of a growing perpetuity with payments of $1,080 that increase annually at 2.3% with the cost of capital at 7.7% is $20,000.
  • The amount of that payment would be $4,040.65.The present value of a deferred growing perpetuity is $50,000 where the rate of return is 8% and the payment growth rate is 2.5%.The first payment occurs six years from today.
  • Scotty's monthly real estate payment on the 30 year mortgage is $1,850.93 at 4.2 APR, at the end of the period the payment on a 15 -year mortgage would be $2,837.81.
  • DJ wants to live on $100,000 per year when he retires. With inflation expected to be 3.6% annually and he can invest at 7.6%, he must have $2.5 million when he retires - The first payment occurs one year after retirement.
  • Bill offers to buy his friend's horse, Thundercloud, in nine equal monthly payments starting two months from today.If the horse has a value of $7,465 the cost of capital is 10.2%, Bill's payment is $872.45.
  • TCB Motorcycles offers payments of $522.59 per month for 48 months on a $25,000 bike after making a $4,000 down payment. Payments are made at the end of each month. The loan's APR is 9%.
  • The Hound Dog Diner wants to give an employee of the year award of $2,500 that grows 3% annually. The company needs need to invest $54,000 today. If the first payment begins today, and the company can invest at 8%.
  • Today Colonel Tom got a bank loan to open a Parker's Chicken franchise. The loan requires annual payments payment of $56,475.96 with the first payment being made two years from today and the last payment being made 35 years from today. If the interest rate on the loan is 5.8%, Tom borrow from the bank $785,000.
  • Gladys found an eight-year investment pays 12% annually for the first four years and 8% annually for the last four years and deposits $1,000 at the end of each year, starting one year from today, her account balance at the end of the eight years equals $11,008.34.
  • Vernon buys a gold ring, Option 1 is to buy the ring today for $40,000 cash. Option 2 requires a down payment and then a monthly payment of $963.81 for 36 months with the first payment next month and the APR is 6.6%, the required down payment in Option 2 equals $8,600.
  • James wants to retire 20 years from today save at the end of each of the next 20 years to achieve his goals, starting with withdrawing $120,000 per year for 25 years from his retirement account, with an interest rate of 12%. He needs to save $13,062.38.
  • Grace found two good options to invest for the future and the last deposit in either option will be made on her 64th birthday and the interest rate is 9.5%, If she invested $5,000 per year starting on her 25th birthday and invest in Option 2 vs Option 1 she has $435,724.94 more or less.
  • The Heartbreak Hotel bought a new property for $500,000 and to finance the purchase, it got a 30-year, 4.9% APR loan with annual payments.After half of the mortgage has been paid off (the remaining principal balance is $250,000), approximately 10 more payments need to be made.
  • Sun Records needs to buy $38,000 of new recording equipment in five years and has saved $17,000 in an investment account and its plans to deposit an additional $1,800 into the account at the end of each of the next five years, the interest rate Sun needs to earn on the account to achieve its goal is 9.75%.
  • Sam plans to throw a huge party when he retires ten years from today and to pay for the party, he will deposit $1,500 today. Two years from today he will deposit a lump sum of $1,000 into his account. If he earns 6.5% on his savings, he will have $10,051.72 for his party.
  • The president is paid $400,000 each year in office. The president remains in office for eight years, and after leaving office, he is paid a pension of $226,300 for life. Using an interest rate of 7% and payments occurring at the end of each year, the present value of this compensation plan equals $4,270,071.69.
  • Pricilla is owed $840,000 and agreed to pay the balance with annual payments over a 15 year period starting five years from today. If the team's cost of capital is 8.4%, then Pricilla will get $2,082,457.62 in total payments.
  • Lisa Marie is selling her 1955 Cadillac Fleetwood valued at $128,000. Each is willing to make a down payment today of $20,000 then make monthly payments, then Buyer A will start payments one month from today while Buyer B will start payments six months from today. Buyer B's payments be $111.10 greater.
  • Tupelo University wants an endowment of $16.8 m annual payments that grow at 3.2% annually and raised a total of $178.5 m so far and can invest at 11.6%, it needs $21,500,000 more to achieve its payment goal.
  • Jesse will receive $3,265 payment that will grow at a rate of 2.4% per year, starting next month and wants to trade it for an annuity payment starting three years from today and the last payment being made 32 years from today at 7.2% cost, then the number of payments from the annuity will be$6,831.04.
  • The Memphis mafia evaluates four investment options that have capital costs of 8%, An ordinary annuity that pays $9,200 per year for 5 years is the greatest present value.
  • Elvis estate rent is $102,500 and 15 years of $810.78 at the end of the month, and end of 15 years property values at $280,000. if the annual inflation rate was 2.9%, Elvis invested and got an annual inflation rate of $10.00%.

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