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Questions and Answers
What is a defining characteristic of annelids?
What is a defining characteristic of annelids?
Which respiratory structure is primarily associated with the Polychaeta class?
Which respiratory structure is primarily associated with the Polychaeta class?
What is the function of the clitellum in oligochaetes?
What is the function of the clitellum in oligochaetes?
What type of development do marine Polychaeta typically undergo?
What type of development do marine Polychaeta typically undergo?
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In which environment do oligocheates predominantly live?
In which environment do oligocheates predominantly live?
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Which of the following is NOT a feature of annelids?
Which of the following is NOT a feature of annelids?
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What type of animals belong to the class Hirudinea?
What type of animals belong to the class Hirudinea?
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What is a common method of reproduction for annelids?
What is a common method of reproduction for annelids?
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Study Notes
Annelids (Annelida)
- Segmented, bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic animals with a well-developed coelom
- Live in seas, fresh water, and soil
- Important for soil humus production
- Homonomous segmentation (external segments correspond to internal segments)
- May have parapodia (limb-like projections) or setae (bristles)
- Many species have shells
- Possess a closed circulatory system with dorsal and ventral vessels
- Unsegmented gut runs from mouth to anus
- Gills or body surfaces for respiration
- Metanephridia for excretion
- Ganglia form a "ladder-like" nervous system
- Reproduction: mostly gonochoristic; some hermaphrodites; internal or external fertilization; direct development in terrestrial and freshwater species
- Clitellum: swelling near the head where gonads are located
Class: Polychaeta (Polychaetes)
- Primarily marine
- Parapodia with setae and gills
- Gills for respiration
- Indirect development (trochophore larva)
- Some species have shells
- Carnivorous or detrivorous
- Example: Palolo worm (Palola viridis)
Class: Oligochaeta (Oligochaetes)
- Segmented body with setae on each segment
- Clitellum present
- Breathe through entire body surface
- Mostly live in soil and fresh water
- Important for soil (decomposers)
- Example: Earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris), Tubifex tubifex (Sludge worm)
Class: Hirudinea (Leeches)
- Fresh water species
- External segmentation does not correspond to internal organs
- Carnivorous or ectoparasites (bloodsuckers)
- Suckers at both ends of the body
- Gut has lateral projections for storing food (blood)
- Medicinal leeches inject anticoagulants and anesthetics into hosts
- Example: Medicinal leech (Hirudo medicinalis), Fish leech (Piscicola geometra/pijavička rybia), Horse leech (Haemopis sanguisuga/pijavica konská)
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of annelids, focusing on their segmented bodies, respiratory systems, and reproductive methods. This quiz delves into the characteristics of both general annelids and the specific class of polychaetes, highlighting their adaptations and ecological importance.
