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Questions and Answers
What is the primary reason for not inflicting pain or suffering unnecessarily in animal research?
What is the main purpose of the Animal Scientific Procedures Act 1986?
What is the status of humans under the Animal Scientific Procedures Act 1986?
At what point are fish and amphibia protected under the Animal Scientific Procedures Act 1986?
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Why might ASPA not apply to certain individuals or organizations?
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What is the primary reason for avoiding unnecessary pain and suffering in animal research?
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What is the minimum requirement for an animal to be considered for re-homing?
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What is the maximum level of pain, suffering, or distress that a procedure can cause before it is classified as severe?
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What is the purpose of a Project Licence in animal research?
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What is the main principle behind the 'Replacement' aspect of the 3R's in animal research?
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What is the fate of an animal that has undergone a 'non-recovery' procedure?
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Study Notes
Ethics in Animal Research
- Unnecessary infliction of pain or suffering is avoided for ethical reasons and to maintain a positive public image of research.
The 3Rs in Animal Research
- Reduction: minimize the number of animals used
- Refinement: minimize suffering and improve animal welfare
- Replacement: replace animals with alternative methods or models
Animal Scientific Procedures Act (ASPA) 1986
- Legislation protecting animals used in scientific studies
- Applies to the use of animals for scientific purposes, not for non-scientific reasons
Protected Animals
- All living vertebrates, except humans
- Cephalopods (e.g., octopuses, squids)
- Fish and amphibians: protected once they can feed independently
- Cephalopods: protected from the point of hatching
- Embryonic and foetal forms of mammals, birds, and reptiles: protected during the last third of gestation or incubation
Procedure Classifications
- Regulated procedure: equivalent to or greater than the pain caused by inserting a hypodermic needle
- Non-recovery: procedure under general anesthesia from which the animal will not recover consciousness
- Mild: short-term mild pain, suffering, or distress
- Moderate: short-term moderate pain, suffering, or distress, or long-lasting mild pain, suffering, or distress
- Severe: severe pain, suffering, or distress, or long-lasting moderate pain, suffering, or distress
Licensing
- Project licence: outlines project goals, methods, locations, number of animals, and types of regulated procedures
- Personal licence: outlines individual permissions within a project
Animal Fates
- Humanely killed
- Re-used (only if same results cannot be obtained from a naive animal)
- Re-homed (must be in good health, pose no human health risks, and have undergone an approved socialisation scheme)
- Setting free
Penalties for Non-Compliance
- Temporary withdrawal of licence
- Permanent withdrawal of licence
- Financial penalty
- Jail sentence
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Description
Learn about the principles guiding animal research, including the 3Rs of Reduction, Refinement, and Replacement, and the Animal Scientific Procedures Act 1986 (ASPA) that regulates animal use in scientific studies and testing. Understand the importance of ethical considerations in animal research and testing.
