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Questions and Answers
What is parthenogenesis and in which organisms has it been observed?
Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction where individuals develop from unfertilized eggs. It has been observed in both plants and animals. Invertebrates such as bees and ants reproduce parthenogenically, while sharks, snakes, lizards, and birds exhibit parthenogenesis among vertebrates. There are no naturally parthenogenic mammals, but induced parthenogenesis has been achieved in mice and rabbits.
What triggers parthenogenesis in some species and how does it benefit them?
Parthenogenesis can be induced by environmental conditions, such as the absence of males or specific temperature changes. In some cases, parthenogenesis allows species like aphids to reproduce quickly in the summer without the need for non-reproductive (male) units. It helps them efficiently utilize resources and maintain population growth until mates become available. Parthenogenesis has also been witnessed in zoos as a survival strategy.
What are the potential drawbacks of parthenogenesis?
One potential drawback of parthenogenesis is reduced genetic diversity within a population. As offspring are produced from unfertilized eggs, there is no genetic recombination, leading to limited variation. This lack of genetic diversity can make a population more vulnerable to changing environmental conditions, as they may not possess the necessary genetic adaptations for survival.
