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Questions and Answers
What is the function of a vacuole?
What organelles produce most of the cell's energy?
Mitochondria
What is cytoplasm?
The area between the cell membrane and the nucleus that contains a gel-like fluid.
What do ribosomes produce?
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What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
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What is the role of the nucleus in a cell?
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What do Golgi bodies do?
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What surrounds the cell membrane in plant cells?
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What is the function of chloroplasts?
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What do lysosomes contain?
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What forms a barrier between the cytoplasm and the environment outside the cell in animal cells?
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Study Notes
Vacuole
- Large vacuoles are typically found in mature plant cells, serving as storage sacs.
- Store essential materials such as water, food, waste products, and other substances.
Mitochondria
- Rod-shaped organelles are the primary sites for energy production within cells.
- Often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell, converting nutrients into energy.
Cytoplasm
- Gel-like fluid fills the space between the cell membrane and the nucleus.
- Contains various organelles and is essential for cellular processes.
Ribosomes
- Small structures that serve as sites for protein synthesis.
- Can be free-floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
- A network of membrane-bound passageways that transport materials within the cell.
- Plays a critical role in the production and processing of proteins and lipids.
Nucleus
- Almost all animal cells contain a nucleus, which houses genetic material (DNA).
- Regulates cell activities, including growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
Golgi Body
- Functions to receive, process, and package materials from the endoplasmic reticulum.
- Distributes materials to various parts of the cell or releases them outside the cell.
Cell Wall
- A rigid structure found in plant cells that surrounds the cell membrane.
- Provides additional support and protection, giving plant cells a box-like shape.
Chloroplasts
- Organelles that capture sunlight and convert it into chemical energy through photosynthesis.
- Responsible for producing food (glucose) for plant cells.
Lysosomes
- Small organelles filled with enzymes that digest food particles and break down worn-out cell components.
- Play a crucial role in cellular waste removal and recycling.
Cell Membrane
- In animal cells, the absence of a cell wall necessitates the presence of a cell membrane.
- Acts as a protective barrier, regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge of animal and plant cells with these flashcards. Each card presents a key term, such as 'vacuole' or 'mitochondria', along with a concise definition. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of cell biology.
