Animal Health and Diseases Quiz

Brambell Report and Animal Welfare

• The Brambell report focuses on the welfare of farm animals, particularly their living conditions and freedoms.

Five Freedoms

• The Five Freedoms are a set of principles for ensuring animal welfare, excluding "protection from fire" as an option.
• The Five Freedoms are not specified in the text, but they are commonly known as freedom from hunger and thirst, freedom from discomfort, freedom from pain, injury or disease, freedom to express normal behavior, and freedom from fear and distress.

Nutrition and Health

• Access to fresh, palatable feed is important for livestock to prevent discomfort and ensure their overall health.
• Food should be available at all times to prevent discomfort and ensure livestock can eat according to their needs.
• Farmers should provide adequate nutrition, clean water, and hygiene to prevent disease.

Housing and Disease Prevention

• To prevent discomfort in housing, adequate space, ventilation, and dry flooring are necessary.
• Disease transmission risks can be avoided by isolating new animals, using clean equipment, and providing vaccinations, but not by using antibiotics.
• Drinking unpasteurized milk is associated with brucellosis.
• Ticks are the vectors for Lyme disease.
• Young animals scour (have diarrhea) due to inadequate colostrum intake or poor nutrition.

Disease Identification and Action

• Ringworm causes visible lesions or crusty patches on animals.
• Signs that an animal might be sick include changes in appetite, lethargy, and abnormal behavior.
• If an animal shows signs of sickness, farmers should isolate it and seek veterinary advice.

Handling and Injury Prevention

• Injury to livestock can be minimized by providing non-slip flooring, good lighting, and handling facilities that allow easy movement.
• Moving livestock should be done carefully and gently to avoid causing stress.
• Good handling facilities should have features that allow animals to move with ease, such as ramps and wide gates.
• Providing adequate space and enrichment activities contributes to allowing animals to express normal behavior.