Animal Body Systems - Sensory Systems

<p>Rhodopsin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Retinal changes from a bent to a straight structure. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Retina (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crossing over of axons from the optic nerves (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nucleus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nocioreceptors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Photoreceptors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Detecting specific molecules in the environment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By opening ion channels in their cell membrane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The left half of the visual field (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thermoreceptors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Taste involves the detection of molecules in objects touched, while smell involves the detection of airborne molecules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To respond to stimuli and initiate signal transduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To initiate an immediate response to remove or reduce damage. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glutamate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Snakes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To detect and navigate using Earth's magnetic field. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A decrease in the sensitivity of receptors to a constant stimulus. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To interpret and assign meaning to sensory input. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Photoreceptors in the eye (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To control voluntary muscle movement. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To dissolve the airborne molecules, making them accessible to the receptor cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To detect damaging stimuli. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Human olfactory receptor cells are less sensitive than those in dogs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Taste receptors are primarily responsible for detecting the presence of chemicals in food. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Smell provides additional information about the chemical composition of food, which adds to the overall taste experience. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Salt and sour receptors use a simpler mechanism, while sweet, bitter, and umami receptors utilize second messenger pathways. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are used to detect chemicals in the water. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure that the animal continues to feel pain even after prolonged exposure to the stimulus. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can be found on the body surface or around the mouth. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are located on the inside of hollow sensory bristles called sensilla. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To communicate within the species. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>On the antennae. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Smell receptors are made of microtubules, while taste receptors are made of microfilaments. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parietal lobes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Taste bud. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They vary in both size and shape depending on location. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Specialized photoreceptors in the retina for color vision.

Photoreceptors that detect low-intensity light, aiding in night vision.

Proteins in cone cells that combine with retinal to absorb light.

A photopigment in rod cells made of opsin and retinal.

A light-absorbing pigment found in photoreceptors, crucial for vision.

A point where optic nerve axons cross in the brain.

Includes outer segment, inner segment, and synaptic terminal for signal processing.

Connections in the visual system carrying information to the brain.

Information from the left visual field is processed by the right hemisphere and vice versa.

Sensory receptors that respond to mechanical deformation, like sound waves.

Sensory receptors that detect temperature changes, sensing heat and cold.

Receptors that respond to pain and potential tissue damage.

Receptors that detect electrical and magnetic fields, as well as light.

Cells in the retina that respond to visible light.

Receptors that detect specific chemical molecules for taste and smell.

Taste detects food molecules via touch; smell detects airborne molecules.

Responses that prompt immediate action to reduce damage.

Neurons in the Somatic Nervous System signal pain through synapsing with interneurons.

A neurotransmitter that causes sharp, localized pain sensations.

A neurotransmitter that produces dull, widespread pain sensations.

The ability to detect electrical fields or currents, common in certain fish and sharks.

Detection and use of Earth's magnetic field for navigation by various animals.

The reduced response to a constant stimulus over time.

Conscious awareness generated from processing sensory input signals.

The process by which taste stimuli trigger cellular responses, leading to neurotransmitter release.

A method of sensation where chemical signals must contact receptors for perception, such as taste.

Each taste receptor is sensitive to specific chemicals, detecting different tastes like sweet or sour.

Smells trigger strong memories, being crucial for communication in many mammals.

Fish and amphibians detect waterborne chemicals using receptors in nasal sacs.

Air-breathing vertebrates use nasal cavities to detect volatile chemicals, aiding both smell and breathing.

Cells in the nasal cavity that detect odor molecules, communicating directly to the brain.

Receptors that detect harmful stimuli, signaling pain to the brain, mostly unchanged in response.

Invertebrates use receptors for smell and taste often located around their mouth or over their body.

Insects have taste receptors in hollow bristles called sensilla, found on antennae, mouthparts, or feet.

Pheromones are chemicals used for communication in animals and plants, particularly in insects for attraction and identification.

Silkworm moths use olfactory receptors on sensory bristles that bind odorants, leading to membrane changes.

Taste receptors are part of taste buds, small pear-shaped structures with a pore that opens to the exterior.

Smell receptors have cilia with microtubules and are processed in the olfactory bulbs of the brain.

Hairs of taste receptors are derived from microvilli and contain microfilaments, processed in the parietal lobes.

Taste and smell signals are processed in different brain areas: parietal lobes for taste and olfactory bulbs for smell.