Animal Behavior and Physiology
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Questions and Answers

What characterizes pain or fear-induced aggression in animals?

  • It occurs when animals are protecting their territory.
  • It is displayed by animals with a history of aggression.
  • It mainly affects elder animals with low energy.
  • It happens in situations where animals are experiencing pain or fear. (correct)

What is a primary cause of irritable aggression in animals?

  • Being hungry, fatigued, or sick. (correct)
  • Territory disputes with other animals.
  • Protecting young from potential harm.
  • High levels of excitement from social interactions.

How does maternal aggression differ from other forms of aggression?

  • It involves protective behavior over one's young. (correct)
  • It occurs exclusively in aging animals.
  • It is triggered by competition for resources.
  • It is primarily seen in male animals during mating.

What is the purpose of predatory aggression in animals?

<p>To obtain food through hunting behavior. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What advantage does female infanticide provide to rodent populations?

<p>It reduces overpopulation and optimizes litter sizes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common behavior shown by young chickens when they are distressed?

<p>Insistent chirping (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of aggression is observed in animals living in groups to establish dominance?

<p>Social aggression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of care-soliciting behavior in young animals?

<p>To request assistance from adults (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category of aggression is characterized by maintaining control over a specific geographical area?

<p>Territorial aggression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What behavior in dogs is typically inhibited during fights?

<p>Claw retraction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of aggression occurs primarily during mating competition among male bovines?

<p>Social aggression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does agonistic behavior include?

<p>Threats, attacks, and defense mechanisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does castration affect territorial aggression in animals?

<p>It reduces territorial aggression. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the alpha animal in a group of social animals?

<p>To establish hierarchy and dominance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of grooming behavior in mother dogs and cats?

<p>To clean and care for their young (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method by which cattle graze?

<p>They wrap grass with their tongues and cut it with their lower teeth. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinctive behavior do cats exhibit regarding their elimination patterns?

<p>They bury their feces and urine. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following behaviors is characteristic of female sexual behavior in mammals?

<p>Experiencing a period of excitability known as estrus. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often do domestic dogs typically eat in comparison to other domestic animals?

<p>Only once per day. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about care-giving behavior in mammals is correct?

<p>Care-giving behavior is primarily associated with females. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common mistake regarding the eating habits of domestic carnivores like dogs and cats?

<p>They often ingest large mouthfuls quickly. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates the grazing behavior of horses from that of cattle?

<p>Horses graze but chew their food more thoroughly using both upper and lower teeth. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Fear-induced aggression

A type of aggression triggered by fear or pain, often seen in animals experiencing medical procedures.

Irritable aggression

Aggression arising from discomfort, hunger, fatigue, or illness, making the animal intolerant of disturbances.

Maternal aggression

Aggression displayed by a mother to protect her young, often involving extreme intensity.

Sexual aggression

Aggression during mating, including biting to restrain the female and competition for mates.

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Predatory aggression

Behavior employed for hunting prey, not necessarily aggression as it's focused on obtaining food.

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Ingestive Behavior

The way an animal eats, including how it gets food, chews it, and how often it eats.

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Eliminative Behavior

The actions related to eliminating waste, including where and how an animal deposits feces and urine.

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Male Sexual Behavior

The patterns of behavior associated with mating, including courtship, erection, intromission, and ejaculation.

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Female Sexual Behavior

The patterns of behavior related to mating, including receptivity to the male and experiencing an orgasm.

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Care-giving Behavior

Actions that involve caring for offspring, such as nursing, protecting, and teaching.

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Pig Ingestive Behavior

The specific way that pigs eat, involving rooting and using their snouts to find food.

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Waste Burial

The tendency for some animals, like cats, to hide their waste, a behavior often linked to their ancestors' habit of living in lairs.

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Care-soliciting call

The loudness of the call is always a clue to the level of distress.

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Aggression

Aggressive behavior occurs when an individual physically hurts or threatens another individual.

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Agnostic Behavior

Any behavior related to threats, attacks, or defense.

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Fighting in Animals

Fighting can be a normal part of social behavior, used to establish dominance and regulate space.

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Peck Order

A stable hierarchy where individuals can threaten or attack those below them without consequence.

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Social Aggression

Aggression that happens between animals living in groups, used to establish dominance.

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Territorial Aggression

Aggression used to protect a specific area from other animals.

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Ritualized Aggression

Aggressive displays without physical combat.

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Fighting in Cats and Dogs

Cats retract their claws unless in serious fights. Dogs have an inhibited bite where their teeth aren't fully clenched.

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Castration and Aggression

Castration can reduce aggression.

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Study Notes

Ingestive Behavior

  • Ingestive behavior patterns depend on species anatomy, physiology, and food type
  • Different species use various methods to obtain food (e.g., chickens peck, ducks scoop)
  • Grazing in cattle and sheep involves wrapping grass with tongue, then using lower teeth to cut it
  • Cows, sheep, and goats spend much time grazing
  • Horses graze and bite food with both upper and lower teeth for thorough chewing
  • Domestic carnivores (dogs and cats) typically eat less frequently and in larger mouthfuls than other animals

Eliminative Behavior

  • Eliminative behavior is linked to ancestral species' ecology (e.g., lairs)
  • Dogs and cats show patterns related to eliminating waste
  • Cats bury faeces and urine
  • Dogs tend to deposit waste in specific scent-marking spots

Sexual Behavior

  • Each species has specific sexual behaviors, and differences exist between sexes
  • Male behaviors include courtship, erection, intromission, ejaculation, and dismounting
  • Female behaviors include a period of excitability (estrus), mounting reception, and orgasm-like reactions after copulation
  • Mating between different species is often difficult

Care-giving Behavior

  • Care-giving is crucial for animal survival, especially in mammals
  • Maternal care is the most common form, largely confined to females in domestic animals
  • Mammals, like rabbits, allow offspring to suckle, while others (dogs, cats) provide prolonged care (nursing, grooming, nest building) for their offspring, around the clock

Care-soliciting Behavior

  • Young animals often rely on care-soliciting behaviors to signal the need for help
  • Behaviors include vocalizations (chirping, bawling, bleating, whining)
  • Loudness of calls are clues to the level of distress

Agonistic Behavior (Aggression)

  • Aggression is a physical action or threat causing pain or reducing another animal's freedom
  • Agonistic behavior: Includes threats, attack, defense, and escape behaviours
  • Social aggression: establishing dominance hierarchies in groups (e.g., Peck order)
  • Territorial aggression: defending a territory
  • Pain/fear induced aggression: due to pain or fear
  • Irritable aggression: due to hunger, fatigue, or illness
  • Maternal aggression: protecting offspring
  • Sexual aggression: part of mating behaviour in some species
  • Predatory aggression: actively hunting and killing prey
  • Infanticide: killing of young ones

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Animal Behavior PDF

Description

This quiz explores various aspects of animal behavior, including ingestive, eliminative, and sexual behaviors across different species. Participants will learn how anatomy and ecology influence these behaviors in domestic and wild animals. Test your knowledge on how animals interact with their environment and each other.

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