Angiograms and Blood Tests for Limb Calf and Ankle Conditions
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a cause of limb ischemia?

  • Atherosclerosis
  • Diabetes
  • Takayasu's disease (correct)
  • Embolism
  • Which Fontaine classification stage is characterized by intermittent claudication and ulceration or gangrene of the foot or toes?

  • Stage 3
  • Stage 2b (correct)
  • Stage 1
  • Stage 2a
  • What is the cause of impotence in limb ischemia?

  • Decreased sensation
  • Obstruction of iliac artery
  • Defective perfusion (correct)
  • Shunting of blood from the skin to muscles
  • Which of the following is true about Brown's vasomotor index?

    <p>It is calculated by subtracting the rise in skin temperature from the rise in mouth temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal tcPO2 level in the foot?

    <p>Between 50-60 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which invasive method is used to study muscle blood flow?

    <p>Xenon 133 isotope method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a treatment option for arterial diseases?

    <p>Supervised exercises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is used to study the site, extent, and severity of blockage in arteries and veins?

    <p>Doppler</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal ankle-brachial pressure index?

    <p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which investigation is commonly used to visualize the vascular system and eliminate other systems through computer subtraction?

    <p>CT angiogram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test measures the blood flow in limbs using occlusion cuffs and a quantitative measure of pulsation?

    <p>Segmental plethysmography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign of ischemia?

    <p>Blanched nails</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Buerger's postural test?

    <p>To detect arterial obstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Doppler shift used for in a duplex scan?

    <p>To assess blood flow rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Seldinger technique used for?

    <p>To perform angiography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of limb ischemia?

    <p>Embolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Fontaine classification stage is characterized by ulceration or gangrene of the foot or toes?

    <p>Stage 2b</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a feature of poor circulation in limb ischemia?

    <p>Purple color on elevation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is used to assess the filling of capillaries in the fingers after the release of pressure?

    <p>Delayed capillary filling test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the delay in venous refilling after releasing pressure on the distal finger?

    <p>Harvey's sign</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is used to observe the oscillatory movements of the foot synchronous with the popliteal artery pulsation?

    <p>Crossed leg test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood test can reflect the diabetic problem?

    <p>Blood sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a non-invasive method used to measure oxygen tension in underlying tissue perfusion?

    <p>Transcutaneous oximetry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for atherosclerosis?

    <p>Low HDL cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a treatment option for arterial diseases?

    <p>Clopidogrel 75 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a condition that can cause Raynaud's phenomenon?

    <p>Scleroderma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a complication of retrograde angiogram?

    <p>Thrombosis and AV fistula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a digital subtraction angiography (DSA)?

    <p>To eliminate other tissues and delineate the artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using the Doppler shift in a duplex scan?

    <p>To study the site, extent, and severity of blockage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) indicating severe ischemia with gangrene?

    <p>0.3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of limb ischemia?

    <p>Atherosclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Fontaine classification stage characterized by intermittent claudication and ulceration or gangrene of the foot or toes?

    <p>Stage 2b</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the features of poor circulation in limb ischemia?

    <p>Cold affected part with numbness and color changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following blood tests can reflect the diabetic problem?

    <p>Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a non-invasive method used to measure blood flow in limbs?

    <p>Plethysmography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a complication of retrograde angiogram?

    <p>Embolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which investigation is commonly used to visualize the vascular system and eliminate other systems through computer subtraction?

    <p>Digital subtraction angiography (DSA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a test used to assess the filling of capillaries in the fingers after the release of pressure?

    <p>Delayed capillary test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a test used to observe the oscillatory movements of the foot synchronous with the popliteal artery pulsation?

    <p>Crossed leg test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tests is used to assess the presence of arterial obstruction based on the disappearance of pulse after exercise?

    <p>Disappearing pulse test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tests is used to assess the presence of vascular insufficiency based on the pallor of the limb when raised above a certain angle?

    <p>Buerger's postural test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a non-invasive method used to measure oxygen tension in underlying tissue perfusion?

    <p>Transcutaneous oximetry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a feature of poor circulation in limb ischemia?

    <p>Pulselessness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the delay in venous refilling after releasing pressure on the distal finger?

    <p>Prolonged capillary refill time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a condition that can cause Raynaud's phenomenon?

    <p>Thromboangiitis obliterans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cause of limb ischemia?

    <p>Buerger's disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of limb ischemia?

    <p>Atherosclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Fontaine classification stage is characterized by intermittent claudication and ulceration or gangrene of the foot or toes?

    <p>Stage 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is commonly used to visualize the vascular system and eliminate other systems through computer subtraction?

    <p>CT angiogram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of limb ischemia?

    <p>Calcified artery walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a complication of retrograde angiogram?

    <p>Thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Buerger's postural test?

    <p>To assess the presence of arterial obstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is used to observe the oscillatory movements of the foot synchronous with the popliteal artery pulsation?

    <p>Crossed leg test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the delay in venous refilling after releasing pressure on the distal finger?

    <p>Harvey's sign</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood test can reflect the diabetic problem?

    <p>Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a digital subtraction angiography (DSA)?

    <p>To visualize the vascular system and eliminate other systems through computer subtraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a non-invasive method used to measure the oxygen tension in underlying tissue perfusion?

    <p>Transcutaneous oximetry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for atherosclerosis?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a treatment option for arterial diseases?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a condition that can cause Raynaud's phenomenon?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cause of limb ischemia?

    <p>Scleroderma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a feature of poor circulation in limb ischemia?

    <p>Purple color on dependency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a condition that can cause Raynaud's phenomenon?

    <p>Scleroderma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a non-invasive method used to measure the oxygen tension in underlying tissue perfusion?

    <p>Transcutaneous oximetry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of limb ischemia?

    <p>Atherosclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for atherosclerosis?

    <p>High HDL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which invasive method is used to study muscle blood flow?

    <p>Electromagnetic electrodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is commonly used to visualize the vascular system and eliminate other systems through computer subtraction?

    <p>Duplex scan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Buerger's postural test?

    <p>To measure the oxygen tension in underlying tissue perfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following blood tests can reflect the diabetic problem?

    <p>Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the delay in venous refilling after releasing pressure on the distal finger?

    <p>Harvey's sign</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a non-invasive method used to measure the blood flow in limbs?

    <p>Plethysmography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for atherosclerosis?

    <p>High blood sugar levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tests is used to assess the degree of vasospasm and predict the efficacy of sympathectomy?

    <p>Brown's vasomotor index</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a complication of direct aortic angiogram?

    <p>Dissection of the vessel wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

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