Angina Pectoris Introduction and Pathophysiology
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of angina pectoris?

  • Pain or pressure in the anterior chest (correct)
  • Pain in the lower back
  • Episodes of coughing
  • Episodes of nausea

    • What causes angina pectoris?

  • Insufficient coronary blood flow (correct)
  • Decreased myocardial demand for oxygen
  • Excessive oxygen supply
  • Increased oxygen supply

    • What happens when there is a blockage in a coronary artery?

  • Decreased demand for oxygen
  • Increased flow through the coronary arteries
  • Ischemia results (correct)
  • Normal blood flow to the heart

    • What is usually associated with angina pectoris?

    <p>Atherosclerotic disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the myocardium do to meet its continuous demands?

    <p>Extracts a large amount of oxygen from the coronary circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does angina pectoris occur?

    <p>When there is insufficient coronary blood flow and increased myocardial demand for oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the need for oxygen exceeds the supply?

    <p>The heart experiences ischemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of angina pectoris?

    <p>Atherosclerotic disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the myocardium when demand for oxygen increases?

    <p>It extracts more oxygen from the coronary circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What results from a blockage in a coronary artery?

    <p>Ischemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during angina pectoris?

    <p>Insufficient coronary blood flow and increased myocardial demand for oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes episodes or paroxysms of pain or pressure in the chest?

    <p>Increased myocardial demand for oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one factor associated with typical anginal pain?

    <p>Physical exertion increasing myocardial oxygen demand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area of the body can the pain from ischemia of the heart muscle typically radiate to?

    <p>Neck, jaw, shoulders, and inner aspects of the upper arms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of angina in terms of its response to rest or nitroglycerin administration?

    <p>It subsides with rest or administration of nitroglycerin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may be the presenting symptom of angina in older adults?

    <p>Shortness of breath and palpitations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What diagnostic tool may show changes indicative of ischemia in a patient with angina?

    <p>12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary objective of the medical management of angina?

    <p>Decreasing the oxygen demand of the myocardium and increasing the oxygen supply</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may be used to restore the blood supply to the myocardium in reperfusion procedures for angina?

    <p>PCI procedures and CABG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal oxygen saturation level (SpO2) on room air monitored by pulse oximetry?

    <p>&gt;95%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what situation is oxygen therapy usually initiated for angina?

    <p>At the onset of chest pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible diagnostic procedure for older patients with suspected CAD?

    <p>Pharmacologic stress testing and cardiac catheterization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may be a symptom experienced by a patient with angina due to autonomic neuropathy?

    <p>No severe pain due to blunted nociceptor transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might provoke an attack of unstable angina, unlike typical anginal pain?

    <p>Stress or emotion-provoking situation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the medical management of angina?

    <p>Decrease the oxygen demand of the myocardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is associated with typical anginal pain?

    <p>Eating a heavy meal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom experienced by a patient with angina due to autonomic neuropathy?

    <p>Dizziness or lightheadedness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of angina pectoris distinguishes it from unstable angina?

    <p>Pain subsiding with rest or nitroglycerin administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a symptom that may accompany the pain from ischemia of the heart muscle?

    <p>Choking sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What diagnostic tool may show changes indicative of ischemia in a patient with angina?

    <p>12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is oxygen therapy usually initiated for angina?

    <p>At the onset of chest pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may provoke an attack of unstable angina, unlike typical anginal pain?

    <p>Stress or emotion-provoking situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common symptom experienced by older adults with angina?

    <p>Dyspnea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during angina pectoris?

    <p>Increased myocardial workload</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is associated with increased risk of adverse reactions in older adults when used for managing angina?

    <p>Medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the underlying cause of angina pectoris?

    <p>Increased myocardial demand for oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common association with angina pectoris?

    <p>Significant obstruction of at least one major coronary artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when there is a blockage in a coronary artery?

    <p>Ischemia results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does angina occur?

    <p>During emotional stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary objective of the medical management of angina?

    <p>Increasing coronary blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might provoke an attack of unstable angina?

    <p>Increased emotional stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic response of angina to rest or nitroglycerin administration?

    <p>Partial relief of symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What diagnostic tool may show changes indicative of ischemia in a patient with angina?

    <p>Electrocardiogram (ECG)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may be used to restore the blood supply to the myocardium in reperfusion procedures for angina?

    <p>Thrombolytic therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

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