Angina Pectoris Introduction and Pathophysiology

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What is the primary characteristic of angina pectoris?

Pain or pressure in the anterior chest (correct)

Pain in the lower back

Episodes of coughing

Episodes of nausea

What causes angina pectoris?

Insufficient coronary blood flow (correct)

Decreased myocardial demand for oxygen

Excessive oxygen supply

Increased oxygen supply

What happens when there is a blockage in a coronary artery?

Decreased demand for oxygen

Increased flow through the coronary arteries

Ischemia results (correct)

Normal blood flow to the heart

What is usually associated with angina pectoris?

Atherosclerotic disease Signup and view all the answers

What does the myocardium do to meet its continuous demands?

Extracts a large amount of oxygen from the coronary circulation Signup and view all the answers

When does angina pectoris occur?

When there is insufficient coronary blood flow and increased myocardial demand for oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the need for oxygen exceeds the supply?

The heart experiences ischemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of angina pectoris?

Atherosclerotic disease Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the myocardium when demand for oxygen increases?

It extracts more oxygen from the coronary circulation Signup and view all the answers

What results from a blockage in a coronary artery?

Ischemia Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during angina pectoris?

Insufficient coronary blood flow and increased myocardial demand for oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What causes episodes or paroxysms of pain or pressure in the chest?

Increased myocardial demand for oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is one factor associated with typical anginal pain?

Physical exertion increasing myocardial oxygen demand Signup and view all the answers

Which area of the body can the pain from ischemia of the heart muscle typically radiate to?

Neck, jaw, shoulders, and inner aspects of the upper arms Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of angina in terms of its response to rest or nitroglycerin administration?

It subsides with rest or administration of nitroglycerin Signup and view all the answers

What may be the presenting symptom of angina in older adults?

Shortness of breath and palpitations Signup and view all the answers

What diagnostic tool may show changes indicative of ischemia in a patient with angina?

12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of the medical management of angina?

Decreasing the oxygen demand of the myocardium and increasing the oxygen supply Signup and view all the answers

What may be used to restore the blood supply to the myocardium in reperfusion procedures for angina?

PCI procedures and CABG Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal oxygen saturation level (SpO2) on room air monitored by pulse oximetry?

>95% Signup and view all the answers

In what situation is oxygen therapy usually initiated for angina?

At the onset of chest pain Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible diagnostic procedure for older patients with suspected CAD?

Pharmacologic stress testing and cardiac catheterization Signup and view all the answers

What may be a symptom experienced by a patient with angina due to autonomic neuropathy?

No severe pain due to blunted nociceptor transmission Signup and view all the answers

What might provoke an attack of unstable angina, unlike typical anginal pain?

Stress or emotion-provoking situation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the medical management of angina?

Decrease the oxygen demand of the myocardium Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is associated with typical anginal pain?

Eating a heavy meal Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom experienced by a patient with angina due to autonomic neuropathy?

Dizziness or lightheadedness Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of angina pectoris distinguishes it from unstable angina?

Pain subsiding with rest or nitroglycerin administration Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom that may accompany the pain from ischemia of the heart muscle?

Choking sensation Signup and view all the answers

What diagnostic tool may show changes indicative of ischemia in a patient with angina?

12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) Signup and view all the answers

When is oxygen therapy usually initiated for angina?

At the onset of chest pain Signup and view all the answers

What may provoke an attack of unstable angina, unlike typical anginal pain?

Stress or emotion-provoking situations Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common symptom experienced by older adults with angina?

Dyspnea Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during angina pectoris?

Increased myocardial workload Signup and view all the answers

What is associated with increased risk of adverse reactions in older adults when used for managing angina?

Medications Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying cause of angina pectoris?

Increased myocardial demand for oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common association with angina pectoris?

Significant obstruction of at least one major coronary artery Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when there is a blockage in a coronary artery?

Ischemia results Signup and view all the answers

When does angina occur?

During emotional stress Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of the medical management of angina?

Increasing coronary blood flow Signup and view all the answers

What might provoke an attack of unstable angina?

Increased emotional stress Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic response of angina to rest or nitroglycerin administration?

Partial relief of symptoms Signup and view all the answers

What diagnostic tool may show changes indicative of ischemia in a patient with angina?

Electrocardiogram (ECG) Signup and view all the answers

What may be used to restore the blood supply to the myocardium in reperfusion procedures for angina?

Thrombolytic therapy Signup and view all the answers

Angina Pectoris Introduction and Pathophysiology

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of angina pectoris?

What causes angina pectoris?

What happens when there is a blockage in a coronary artery?

What is usually associated with angina pectoris?

What does the myocardium do to meet its continuous demands?

When does angina pectoris occur?

What happens when the need for oxygen exceeds the supply?

What is the most common cause of angina pectoris?

What happens to the myocardium when demand for oxygen increases?

What results from a blockage in a coronary artery?

What occurs during angina pectoris?

What causes episodes or paroxysms of pain or pressure in the chest?

What is one factor associated with typical anginal pain?

Which area of the body can the pain from ischemia of the heart muscle typically radiate to?

What is a characteristic of angina in terms of its response to rest or nitroglycerin administration?

What may be the presenting symptom of angina in older adults?

What diagnostic tool may show changes indicative of ischemia in a patient with angina?

What is the primary objective of the medical management of angina?

What may be used to restore the blood supply to the myocardium in reperfusion procedures for angina?

What is the normal oxygen saturation level (SpO2) on room air monitored by pulse oximetry?

In what situation is oxygen therapy usually initiated for angina?

What is a possible diagnostic procedure for older patients with suspected CAD?

What may be a symptom experienced by a patient with angina due to autonomic neuropathy?

What might provoke an attack of unstable angina, unlike typical anginal pain?

What is the primary goal of the medical management of angina?

Which factor is associated with typical anginal pain?

What is a common symptom experienced by a patient with angina due to autonomic neuropathy?

What characteristic of angina pectoris distinguishes it from unstable angina?

What is a symptom that may accompany the pain from ischemia of the heart muscle?

What diagnostic tool may show changes indicative of ischemia in a patient with angina?

When is oxygen therapy usually initiated for angina?

What may provoke an attack of unstable angina, unlike typical anginal pain?

What is the most common symptom experienced by older adults with angina?

What occurs during angina pectoris?

What is associated with increased risk of adverse reactions in older adults when used for managing angina?

What is the underlying cause of angina pectoris?

What is the most common association with angina pectoris?

What occurs when there is a blockage in a coronary artery?

When does angina occur?

What is the primary objective of the medical management of angina?

What might provoke an attack of unstable angina?

What is the characteristic response of angina to rest or nitroglycerin administration?

What diagnostic tool may show changes indicative of ischemia in a patient with angina?

What may be used to restore the blood supply to the myocardium in reperfusion procedures for angina?

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