20 Questions
What is the most commonly used classification system to differentiate between the regions of aortic dissection?
Stanford classification system
What is the estimated percentage of patients who develop an aortic dissection and have hypertension?
70%
What is the goal of medical management for Stanford type B aortic dissection?
To decrease the mechanical stress on the aortic wall
What is the procedure most commonly used to correct the Stanford type B aortic dissection?
Open surgical repair of the aorta
What is the main reason for the high degree of wall tension within the aorta?
Constantly high pressure exposure
Which diagnostic data indicates a possible electrolyte imbalance?
Electrolytes level
What is the most likely cause of the patient's sharp chest pain that radiates to his upper back?
Ascending aortic dissection
Which past surgical history factor may have contributed to the current condition?
Coronary artery bypass grafting 1 year ago
What percentage of patients with acute aortic dissection are initially misdiagnosed?
50%
Which symptom is less common in acute aortic dissection patients?
Hypotension
What is the most common comorbidity associated with acute aortic dissection?
Hypertension
What treatment is recommended for hypotension in patients with acute aortic dissection?
Nitrovasodilators
What is one of the reasons for allowing the blood pH to be more alkaline during hypothermia?
To increase cerebral auto-regulation
Why should the rewarming process after hypothermia be slow?
To reduce cerebral hyperthermia and associated cerebral injury
What is a physiologic alteration associated with deep hypothermia?
Decreased organ metabolic rate of oxygen consumption
What is a postoperative anesthetic concern after acute aortic dissection repair?
Continuous use of vasoactive medication
What is the method by which circulatory arrest occurs during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) in aortic dissection surgery?
The cardiopulmonary bypass machine is turned off, stopping perfusion to the entire body
What is the purpose of utilizing cerebral perfusion via the cardiopulmonary bypass machine in aortic dissection surgery?
To decrease the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption
Which measure is used to protect the brain during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) in aortic dissection surgery?
Packing the head in ice to provide additional cooling
What is the role of intraoperative electroencephalography (EEG) in aortic dissection surgery?
To assess neurologic function
Learn about the signs and symptoms associated with acute aortic dissection, which are often misdiagnosed due to their similarity with other medical problems. Understand the typical symptoms, including sharp chest pain, hypertension or hypotension, and the underlying causes.
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