Anesthetic Effects on Nervous System Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What effect can a similar structure binding the same pocket in a different way produce?

  • Opposite effect
  • No effect
  • Different effect (correct)
  • Neutral effect
  • What could explain the cutoff effect in binding pocket?

  • Structure becoming too large to fit in the pocket (correct)
  • Structure becoming too small to fit in the pocket
  • Binding pocket becoming too small
  • Binding pocket becoming too large
  • What feature of enantiomers could prevent binding with a particular binding site?

  • Different size
  • Different color
  • Different shape (correct)
  • Different charge
  • What determines neuronal excitability?

    <p>Size of an action potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter shows marked potentiation of electrical response in the postsynaptic region under the influence of certain anesthetics?

    <p>GABA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ion channel is involved in the postsynaptic potentiation of GABA-activated chloride current?

    <p>$Cl^-$ channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is primarily responsible for providing input to the cerebral cortex?

    <p>Norepinephrine (NE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is considered the primary site of action of dexmedetomidine?

    <p>Norepinephrine (NE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of channels are believed to primarily play a role in anesthetic action, in addition to ligand gated ion channels?

    <p>Voltage gated Na+ channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is the primary source of cholinergic input to the cerebral cortex?

    <p>Acetylcholine (ACh)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ion channel is likely to be a target of anesthetics based on the information provided?

    <p>Potassium-gated ion channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of anesthetics on the GABAA receptor channels, based on the information provided?

    <p>Increased Cl- current in the presence of low concentrations of GABA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter receptor is involved in enhancing higher-order brain functions such as learning, memory, and attention?

    <p>Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of effect on the GABAA receptor channels is seen at supraclinical concentrations of anesthetic?

    <p>Direct gating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does activation of the glycine receptor produce?

    <p>Hyperpolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter receptor is prevalent in the brainstem and spinal cord?

    <p>Glycine receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter shows potentiation under the influence of certain anesthetics?

    <p>$\gamma$-aminobutyric acid (GABA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ion channel does not appear to be involved in immobility according to the information provided?

    <p>$5-HT3$ receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of effect on the GABAA receptor channels increases the frequency with which the channel opens or the time it remains open?

    <p>Potentiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    $\alpha$-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and Kainate receptors are activated by which neurotransmitter?

    <p>$Glutamate$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    $NMDA$-activated current is inhibited by which anesthetic?

    <p>$Ketamine$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ion channel is not a likely target for anesthetics based on the information provided?

    <p>Sodium-gated ion channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

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