Anesthetic Effects on Nervous System Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What effect can a similar structure binding the same pocket in a different way produce?

  • Opposite effect
  • No effect
  • Different effect (correct)
  • Neutral effect

What could explain the cutoff effect in binding pocket?

  • Structure becoming too large to fit in the pocket (correct)
  • Structure becoming too small to fit in the pocket
  • Binding pocket becoming too small
  • Binding pocket becoming too large

What feature of enantiomers could prevent binding with a particular binding site?

  • Different size
  • Different color
  • Different shape (correct)
  • Different charge

What determines neuronal excitability?

<p>Size of an action potential (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter shows marked potentiation of electrical response in the postsynaptic region under the influence of certain anesthetics?

<p>GABA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What ion channel is involved in the postsynaptic potentiation of GABA-activated chloride current?

<p>$Cl^-$ channels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter is primarily responsible for providing input to the cerebral cortex?

<p>Norepinephrine (NE) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter is considered the primary site of action of dexmedetomidine?

<p>Norepinephrine (NE) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of channels are believed to primarily play a role in anesthetic action, in addition to ligand gated ion channels?

<p>Voltage gated Na+ channels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter is the primary source of cholinergic input to the cerebral cortex?

<p>Acetylcholine (ACh) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ion channel is likely to be a target of anesthetics based on the information provided?

<p>Potassium-gated ion channels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of anesthetics on the GABAA receptor channels, based on the information provided?

<p>Increased Cl- current in the presence of low concentrations of GABA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter receptor is involved in enhancing higher-order brain functions such as learning, memory, and attention?

<p>Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of effect on the GABAA receptor channels is seen at supraclinical concentrations of anesthetic?

<p>Direct gating (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does activation of the glycine receptor produce?

<p>Hyperpolarization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter receptor is prevalent in the brainstem and spinal cord?

<p>Glycine receptor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter shows potentiation under the influence of certain anesthetics?

<p>$\gamma$-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ion channel does not appear to be involved in immobility according to the information provided?

<p>$5-HT3$ receptor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of effect on the GABAA receptor channels increases the frequency with which the channel opens or the time it remains open?

<p>Potentiation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

$\alpha$-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and Kainate receptors are activated by which neurotransmitter?

<p>$Glutamate$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

$NMDA$-activated current is inhibited by which anesthetic?

<p>$Ketamine$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ion channel is not a likely target for anesthetics based on the information provided?

<p>Sodium-gated ion channels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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