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Questions and Answers
Which component of the anesthesia machine displays the pressure of the gas cylinder?
Where does oxygen flow to before reaching the patient in the anesthesia system?
What is the primary purpose of the unidirectional valves in an anesthesia machine?
What should be observed when performing a leak test on the anesthesia machine?
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What is the role of the O2 flush valve in the anesthesia machine?
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When should soda lime in the anesthesia machine be changed?
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Which surgical form is specifically related to canine dental procedures?
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What is indicated by the term 'pop-off' in the anesthesia setup?
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Which of the following is NOT a component to check for leaks in the anesthesia machine?
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Which system is responsible for removing anesthetic gases from the environment?
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What is the first step in using medical records before anesthesia procedures?
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What must be documented in controlled substance logs for anesthesia?
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How is the remaining time in an O2 tank calculated for an E tank?
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What is the weight limit that indicates a scavenger system canister should be discarded?
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What distance should be measured to determine the appropriate size for an ET tube?
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What is one reason for checking the cuff of an ET tube?
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How many appropriately sized ET tubes should be ready prior to a procedure?
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What should be done to check if the cuff is inflated to adequate pressure?
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Why might the tracheal diameter increase after a few minutes of anesthesia?
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What is a primary purpose of the anesthesia record?
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What is one method to detect leaks in a non-rebreathing system?
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How should you calculate the size of the reservoir bag for a patient weighing 6 kg?
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What is one reason the reservoir bag might be empty?
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What could cause the reservoir bag to be too full?
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How is the flow rate needed for a patient calculated?
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When should CO2 absorbent granules be changed?
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What is the formula for calculating the RMV of a patient?
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Which weight range requires a reservoir bag size of 5L?
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What is the tidal volume (Vt) used for calculating flow rate in patients?
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What might indicate that CO2 absorbent granules have been used for too long?
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Study Notes
Anesthesia Machine: Identification and Function
- Compressed Gas Source: Provides the gas needed for anesthesia.
- Tank Pressure Gauge: Indicates the pressure of the compressed gas in the tank.
- Flow Meter: Regulates the flow of oxygen into the breathing circuit.
- Vaporizer: Adds anesthetic agents to the gas flow.
- Unidirectional Valves: Ensure that gas flows in only one direction.
- Hoses and Reservoir Bag: Transport gases and allow for gas storage.
- Pop-off Valve: Releases excess pressure in the breathing circuit.
- CO2 Absorber: Removes carbon dioxide from exhaled gases.
- O2 Flush Valve: Delivers a high-pressure flow of oxygen for purging the circuit.
- Pressure Manometer: Measures the pressure within the breathing circuit.
- Scavenge System: Disposes of anesthetic gases and waste.
Anesthesia Machine Leak Identification and Correction
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Leak Detection:
- Common leak areas: Sites of attachment, vaporizer inlet/outlet, reservoir bag, breathing tubes, scavenging hose/pressure release valve.
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Method: Secure all connections with appropriate methods.
- For non-rebreathing system: Close scavenging hose & pressure release valve.
- For rebreathing system: Close pop-off valve, cover Y piece opening, turn on O2/O2 flush valve, inflate reservoir bag, hold for 10 seconds.
- Leak Identification: If the reservoir bag does not deflate, there are no leaks. If the reservoir bag deflates, there are leaks.
Reservoir Bag Size Calculation and Implications
- Determine the patient's weight: Use this information to determine the appropriate reservoir bag size.
- Size Calculation: Different size patients require different reservoir bag sizes to ensure adequate gas flow and ventilation.
- Empty Reservoir Bag: Indicates inadequate gas flow or an open pop-off valve.
- Full Reservoir Bag: Indicates a closed pop-off valve or an obstruction in the scavenging system.
Flow Rate Calculation
- Factor in: Patient's weight, tidal volume (Vt), respiratory minute volume (RMV).
- Vt Calculation: Approximately 10 ml/kg.
- RMV Calculation: Vt multiplied by respiratory rate.
CO2 Absorbent Granule Change
- Signs of Change: Hard granules, color change from white to purple.
- Frequency: Replace granules every 6-8 hours of use or every 14-30 days, whichever comes first.
Surgical Forms: Dental Procedures
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Forms:
- Home oral health care interview form
- Canine dental chart
- Feline dental chart
- Dental procedure estimate
- Dental procedure release form
- Dental radiograph template
- Discharge take home instructions
- Discharge take home pictures
- Dental radiographs
- Thank you card
Anesthesia Machine Logs and Their Importance
- Types of Logs: Controlled substance logs, anesthesia record.
- Purpose of Logs: Ensure accurate documentation of anesthetic drugs used, create a record of anesthetic history for future procedures.
Oxygen Tank Time Calculation
- E Tank Calculation: Multiply pressure (Psi) by 0.3.
- H Tank Calculation: Multiply pressure (Psi) by 3.
Scavenger System Time Calculation
- Weight Method: Weigh the canister, replace when the weight has increased by 50g. Weigh a new canister, add 50g to get the replacement weight.
- Time Method: Replace the canister after 12 hours of use.
ET Tube Selection and Cuff Evaluation
- Tube Size: Measure the distance between the most rostral aspect of the patient's mouth and the thoracic inlet.
- Tube Quantity: Have three appropriately sized tubes and three slightly different diameters available.
- Cuff Evaluation: Attach syringe to the valve port, deflate the cuff while extending the patient's head, close the pop-off valve, compress the reservoir bag gently, monitor manometer, listen for gas leakage, slowly inflate the cuff until leaking sound stops.
- Importance of Cuff Evaluation: The tracheal diameter can increase after a few minutes due to muscle relaxation, undetected cuff leaks, or undetected pilot line leaks.
Additional Information
- Reading assignment: Small Animal Dental Procedures for Veterinary Technicians and Nurses by Jeanne R.
- Form Locations: Retrieve forms from reception prior to use, place forms in patient's medical record after use.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the identification and functions of various components of the anesthesia machine. This quiz also covers methods for leak detection and correction in anesthesia systems, essential for ensuring patient safety during procedures.
