CT IN Anesthesia in Dentistry

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Questions and Answers

What is the mechanism of action of anesthetic gels on oral mucosa?

Reversibly blocking nerve conduction near their site of administration (correct)

Diffusing into nerve cells and binding to potassium channels

Increasing the ionic fluxes required for the initiation and conduction of impulses

Stimulating nerve endings to produce a sensation of pain

What is the duration of action of benzocaine?

10-15 minutes

Less than 30 seconds

30-60 minutes (correct)

1-5 minutes

What is the primary site of action of cetacaine?

Free nerve endings in the dermis or mucosa

Ear, nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and esophagus (correct)

Nerve cells in the skin

Sodium channels in nerve cells

What is the mechanism of action of anesthetic gels on nerve conduction?

Reversibly blocking nerve conduction near their site of administration Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of action of anesthetic gels?

30-60 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of benzocaine on nerve cells?

Diffusing into nerve cells and binding to sodium channels Signup and view all the answers

What is the time it takes for benzocaine to take effect?

Less than 5 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of anesthetic gels?

To relieve discomfort associated with taking impressions and intra-oral radiographs Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of cetacaine on nerve conduction?

Reversibly blocking nerve conduction Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of action of cetacaine?

30 seconds to 30-60 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Articaine in blocking nerve conduction?

By reversibly binding to the α-subunit of the voltage-gated sodium channels Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Articaine on systemic absorption?

It increases systemic absorption due to its vasodilatory effect Signup and view all the answers

What is the half-life of Articane?

20 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is the potency of Centbucridine compared to lignocaine?

5-8 times more potent Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Centbucridine on cardiovascular parameters?

It has no effect on cardiovascular parameters Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of metabolism for Articaine?

Liver Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of action of Articaine compared to lignocaine?

Longer Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Articaine on systemic toxicity?

It decreases systemic toxicity Signup and view all the answers

What is the group to which Articaine belongs?

Amide group Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Xylocaine Spray?

To numb the lining of the mouth, throat, nose or perineum Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Local Anesthetics

Articaine is an intermediate-potency, short-acting amide local anesthetic with fast metabolism due to an ester group in its structure.
Articaine is effective with local infiltration or peripheral nerve block in dentistry.
It blocks nerve conduction by reversibly binding to the α-subunit of the voltage-gated sodium channels within the nerve.

Properties of Articaine

Has a vasodilatory effect, increasing systemic absorption, countered by epinephrine 1:60,000, 1:100,000, and 1:200,000.
Metabolism is mainly in the liver and plasma.
Elimination is exponential with a half-life of about 20 minutes.
Has a faster onset of action, longer duration, higher success rate, and greater potency (1.5x more potent) compared to lignocaine.
Systemic intoxication is lower.

Centbucridine

Found to be an ideal local anesthetic agent with no effects on cardiovascular parameters and exhibiting sufficient local anesthetic activity.
Quinoline derivative, 5-8 times more potent than lignocaine.
Does not affect CNS and CVS adversely.
Has intrinsic vasoconstricting and antihistaminic properties.

Xylocaine Spray

Numbs the lining of the mouth, throat, nose, or perineum to reduce pain and gag reflex for examination.
MOA: inhibits ionic fluxes required for the initiation and conduction of impulses in neuronal membranes.
Lasts for 10-15 minutes, taking effect within 1-5 minutes.

Anesthetic Gels

Used on oral mucosa prior to local anesthetic injections, scaling, and prophylaxis.
Relieves discomfort associated with taking impressions and intra-oral radiographs.
MOA: reversibly blocks nerve conduction near the site of administration, producing temporary loss of sensation in a limited area.
Takes effect within 10 minutes, lasting up to 30-60 minutes.

Benzocaine

Indicated for topical anesthesia in a wide variety of conditions including skin irritation, oral pain, and hemorrhoids.
MOA: diffuses into nerve cells, binds to sodium channels, preventing channels from opening, and blocking the influx of sodium ions.
Takes effect within less than 5 minutes, lasting 30-60 minutes.

Cetacaine

Used to control pain for surgical or endoscopic procedures in the ear, nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and esophagus.
MOA: quick onset in 30 seconds (tetracaine hydrochloride), slow onset for an extended duration of 30 to 60 minutes (butamben).
Acts by reversibly blocking nerve conduction.

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Description

This quiz assesses knowledge about Articaine, a local anesthetic used in dentistry, including its properties, effects, and administration. Learn about Articaine's metabolism, nerve conduction, and its uses in dentistry.