Anesthesia for Neurologic Surgery and Neurointerventions
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Questions and Answers

Why does early aneurysm clipping reduce the incidence of medical complications?

  • It decreases the risk of hydrocephalus
  • It decreases the incidence of pneumonia (correct)
  • It reduces the need for bed rest
  • It increases the risk of deep vein thrombosis

Why may early intervention increase the risk of intraoperative aneurysmal rupture?

  • Because it allows less time for a clot to organize over the initial bleed site (correct)
  • Due to decreased brain edema in the early post-SAH period
  • Because it reduces the risk of hydrocephalus
  • Due to increased pressure in the subarachnoid space

What is a common consequence of blood contaminating the subarachnoid space after aneurysmal SAH?

  • Decreased intracranial pressure
  • Increased risk of ischemic stroke
  • High likelihood of meningitis
  • Development of hydrocephalus (correct)

Why is there a premium on techniques to reduce intracranial content volume?

<p>To facilitate exposure and minimize retraction pressures during surgery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant factor affecting patients scheduled for intracranial aneurysm clipping?

<p>Elements of their critical care management in ICU (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is maintaining a patient on bed rest until day 14 common practice in early neurosurgery?

<p>To prevent spasm risks in the early recovery period (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reported effect of dobutamine on cerebral blood flow in ischemic territories?

<p>Augments CBF in ischemic territories (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which calcium-channel blocker is considered standard for the management of SAH?

<p>Nimodipine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the multicenter trial evaluating nicardipine as an intravenous alternative to nimodipine?

<p>Symptomatic vasospasm reduced, but no improvement in outcome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pharmacologic therapy has shown improved mortality without improving outcomes in SAH patients?

<p>Endothelin antagonist clazosentan (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the larger RCT (STASH) related to statin administration in SAH patients?

<p>Failed to demonstrate short-term or long-term outcome benefits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reported effect of cilostazol following SAH?

<p>Reduction in symptomatic vasospasm and new cerebral infarctions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the triad of symptoms associated with cerebral salt-wasting syndrome?

<p>Hyponatremia, volume contraction, high urine sodium concentrations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is SIADH typically managed?

<p>Fluid restriction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the suspected cause of vasospasm after SAH?

<p>Breakdown products of hemoglobin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is symptomatic vasospasm historically treated?

<p>&quot;Triple H&quot; therapy (hypervolemia, hypertension, hemodilution) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of "Triple H" therapy for vasospasm?

<p>Hypervolemia, hypertension, hemodilution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided during surgery for patients with vasospasm?

<p>Avoiding hypotension (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is commonly used for pressor support in patients with vasospasm?

<p>Phenylephrine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of administering pressors in vasospasm patients?

<p>Increase in mean arterial pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of current management for symptomatic vasospasm?

<p>Maintenance of euvolemia and hypertension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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