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Questions and Answers
A patient presents with anemia, thrombocytopenia, and blast cells in their peripheral blood. Which condition is most likely?
A patient presents with anemia, thrombocytopenia, and blast cells in their peripheral blood. Which condition is most likely?
- Sideropenic Syndrome
- Iron Deficiency Anemia
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
- Acute Leukemia (correct)
Enlarged lymph nodes, splenomegaly, and leukocytosis with lymphocytosis are most indicative of which pathology?
Enlarged lymph nodes, splenomegaly, and leukocytosis with lymphocytosis are most indicative of which pathology?
- Iron Deficiency Anemia
- Acute Leukemia
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (correct)
- Lymphogranulomatosis
A 19-year-old female presents with decreased hemoglobin, a history of miscarriages with bleeding, muscle weakness, brittle nails, increased hair loss, dysphagia, and pica. What condition is most likely?
A 19-year-old female presents with decreased hemoglobin, a history of miscarriages with bleeding, muscle weakness, brittle nails, increased hair loss, dysphagia, and pica. What condition is most likely?
- Hemorrhagic syndrome
- Acute leukemia
- Iron deficiency anemia (correct)
- Vitamin B12 Deficiency anemia
A 40-year-old male patient presents with hemorrhagic eruptions, joint pain, a tendency to bleed, and subfebrile temperature, following a purulent wound. What condition should be considered?
A 40-year-old male patient presents with hemorrhagic eruptions, joint pain, a tendency to bleed, and subfebrile temperature, following a purulent wound. What condition should be considered?
What is the most likely cause of iron deficiency anemia?
What is the most likely cause of iron deficiency anemia?
In anemias, a specific sound is sometimes heard over the jugular veins. What is this sound called?
In anemias, a specific sound is sometimes heard over the jugular veins. What is this sound called?
Exposure to which factors are most likely causes of leukemias?
Exposure to which factors are most likely causes of leukemias?
A patient's examination reveals koilonychia. Which condition is most likely?
A patient's examination reveals koilonychia. Which condition is most likely?
A patient is experiencing dyspnea due to anemia. Which mechanism is primarily responsible for this symptom?
A patient is experiencing dyspnea due to anemia. Which mechanism is primarily responsible for this symptom?
The presence of red blood cells of various diameters in peripheral blood defines which condition?
The presence of red blood cells of various diameters in peripheral blood defines which condition?
Flashcards
Whirligig sound
Whirligig sound
A specific sound heard over the jugular veins in anemias.
Iron deficiency anemia
Iron deficiency anemia
A type of anemia caused by insufficient iron, leading to reduced hemoglobin production.
Lymphogranulomatosis
Lymphogranulomatosis
A condition characterized by severe itching of the skin.
Sideropenic syndrome
Sideropenic syndrome
Syndrome where the nails become thin, spoon-shaped, and concave, often due to iron deficiency.
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Acute leukemia
Acute leukemia
A cancer of the blood and bone marrow characterized by anemia, thrombocytopenia, and the presence of blast cells.
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Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
A type of leukemia characterized by enlarged lymph nodes, splenomegaly, and increased lymphocytes in the blood.
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Hypochromic anemia
Hypochromic anemia
A condition characterized by red blood cells that are paler than normal due to a deficiency of hemoglobin.
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Normochromic anemia
Normochromic anemia
Anemia with normal hemoglobin concentration, despite other blood abnormalities.
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Anisocytosis
Anisocytosis
A condition marked by red blood cells of variable and abnormal size
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Signs of acute leukemia
Signs of acute leukemia
Fever, sore throat, pallor, petechiae, and hyperleukocytosis.
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- In anemias, a specific sound is heard over the jugular veins, known as Whirligig sound.
- Decreased serum iron in a 48-year-old patient indicates iron deficiency anemia.
- Severe skin itching is caused by lymphogranulomatosis.
- Koilonychia is found in sideropenic syndrome.
- Anemia, thrombocytopenia, and blast cells in the peripheral blood indicate acute leukemia.
- Enlarged lymph nodes, splenomegaly, and leukocytosis with lymphocytosis suggest chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
- Hypochromic anemia is caused by iron deficiency.
- Normochromic anemia develops in myeloproliferative syndrome.
- Frequent genital, gastrointestinal, or other bleeding could be the cause of iron deficiency anemia.
- The most likely causes of leukemias are exposure to ionizing radiations and mutagenic factors.
- Koilonychia is a sign of iron deficiency anemia.
- The main mechanism of dyspnea in anemia syndrome is compensatory intensification of breathing and circulation.
- Pronounced splenomegaly detected upon palpation of the abdomen in a 63-year-old patient suggests chronic myeloid leukemia.
- Anisocytosis is defined as the presence of red blood cells of various diameters in peripheral blood.
- Febrile fever, sore throat, pallor of the skin with petechiae, hyperleukocytosis, undifferentiated cells, and leukemic crisis indicate acute leukemia.
- Peripheral nerve damage (funicular myelosis) in vitamin B12 deficiency anemia presents as pain along the peripheral nerve trunks and paresthesia in the fingers.
- Methods for bone marrow diagnostics include sternal puncture and trepanobiopsy of the ilium.
- Acute leukemia induces a leukemic crisis.
- Signs of anemia syndrome include fatigue, dizziness, tachycardia, dyspnea, and cognitive impairment.
- Complaints in iron deficiency anemia include weakness, dizziness, palpitations, shortness of breath, and dark spots before the eyes, particularly with sudden movements.
- Signs of acute leukemia include hemorrhagic eruptions, fever, ulcerative-necrotic stomatitis, splenomegaly, and polyadenopathy.
- Methods for detecting hemorrhagic syndrome involve performing the pinch test, tourniquet test, coagulation analysis, and platelet count.
- Signs of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia include hyperchromic anemia, reticulocytopenia, jolly bodies in the red blood cells, and Cabot rings.
- A 19-year-old female patient presenting with decreased hemoglobin and erythrocyte count, muscle weakness, brittle nails, increased hair loss, occasional dysphagia, and a desire to eat white clay and paper indicating iron deficiency anemia (sideropenic syndrome).
- A 40-year-old male patient with hemorrhagic eruptions, joint pain, a tendency to bleed, and subfebrile temperature after a purulent wound corresponds to hemorrhagic syndrome.
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