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Android Development Basics
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Android Development Basics

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Questions and Answers

Android是一个由______开发的开源移动操作系统。

Google

Android应用程序使用______或Kotlin编程语言进行构建。

Java

Android Studio是官方的______环境(IDE)用于Android应用程序开发。

集成开发

Android应用程序是______文件中打包的。

<p>apk</p> Signup and view all the answers

Broadcast______响应系统范围的公告'

<p>Receivers</p> Signup and view all the answers

SQLite是______数据库管理系统。

<p>关系型</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Android Development

Overview

  • Android is an open-source mobile operating system developed by Google
  • Android apps are built using Java or Kotlin programming languages
  • Android apps are packaged in .apk files and can be distributed through Google Play Store or other app stores

Development Tools

  • Android Studio: official Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for Android app development
    • Features: code completion, debugging, and project management
  • Android Debug Bridge (ADB): command-line tool for debugging and testing Android apps
  • Gradle: build tool for managing dependencies and compiling Android apps

App Components

  • Activities: represent a single screen with a user interface
    • Responsible for creating and managing UI components
  • Services: perform long-running operations in the background
    • Can be bound to an activity or run independently
  • Broadcast Receivers: respond to system-wide announcements
    • Can trigger actions based on system events (e.g., boot completion)
  • Content Providers: manage data storage and retrieval
    • Can be used to share data between apps

User Interface

  • Layouts: define the visual structure of an app's UI
    • Written in XML and can be inflated at runtime
  • Widgets: UI components (e.g., buttons, text views) used in layouts
  • Fragments: reusable UI components that can be combined to create a UI
    • Can be used to create complex UIs and manage screen transitions

Storage and Data Management

  • Internal Storage: private storage area for each app
    • Files are stored in the app's internal directory
  • External Storage: public storage area accessible by all apps
    • Files are stored on the device's external storage (e.g., SD card)
  • SharedPreferences: simple key-value data storage
    • Used for storing small amounts of data (e.g., user preferences)
  • SQLite: relational database management system
    • Used for storing large amounts of structured data

Security and Permissions

  • Permissions: requests for access to sensitive device features (e.g., camera, location)
    • Users can grant or deny permissions at install time or runtime
  • Signature: cryptographic signature used to verify an app's authenticity
    • Used to ensure the app has not been tampered with

Android 开发概述

  • Android 是由 Google 开发的开源移动操作系统
  • Android 应用程序使用 Java 或 Kotlin 编程语言构建
  • Android 应用程序将被打包在 .apk 文件中,可以通过 Google Play Store 或其他应用程序商店分发

开发工具

  • Android Studio:官方集成开发环境(IDE) для Android 应用程序开发
    • 特征:代码完成、调试、项目管理
  • Android Debug Bridge (ADB):命令行工具 для调试和测试 Android 应用程序
  • Gradle:用于管理依赖项和编译 Android 应用程序的构建工具

应用程序组件

  • 活动:表示一个带有用户界面的屏幕
    • 负责创建和管理用户界面组件
  • 服务:在后台执行长时间运行操作
    • 可以绑定到活动或独立运行
  • 广播接收器:响应系统范围的公告
    • 可以根据系统事件(例如启动完成)触发操作
  • 内容提供商:管理数据存储和检索
    • 可以用于在应用程序之间共享数据

用户界面

  • 布局:定义应用程序的用户界面结构
    • 以 XML 编写,可以在运行时膨胀
  • 小部件:用户界面组件(例如按钮、文本视图)用于布局
  • 碎片:可重复使用的用户界面组件
    • 可以用于创建复杂的用户界面和管理屏幕过渡

存储和数据管理

  • 内部存储:每个应用程序的私有存储区域
    • 文件存储在应用程序的内部目录中
  • 外部存储:所有应用程序可访问的公共存储区域
    • 文件存储在设备的外部存储中(例如 SD 卡)
  • 共享首选项:简单的键值数据存储
    • 用于存储小量的数据(例如用户首选项)
  • SQLite:关系数据库管理系统
    • 用于存储大量结构化数据

安全和权限

  • 权限:请求访问敏感设备功能(例如摄像头、位置)的请求
    • 用户可以在安装时或运行时授予或拒绝权限
  • 签名:用于验证应用程序身份的加密签名
    • 用于确保应用程序没有被篡改

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