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Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the primary content of the Rig Veda?
Which of the following best describes the primary content of the Rig Veda?
- Detailed accounts of rituals and sacrifices.
- Prayers and hymns. (correct)
- Mythological stories and legends.
- Philosophical discussions on the nature of the soul and the supreme soul.
The Upanishads are also known as what?
The Upanishads are also known as what?
- Shrautasutra
- Tripitakas
- Vedanta (correct)
- Angas
The Mahabharata is attributed to which sage?
The Mahabharata is attributed to which sage?
- Vyasa (correct)
- Valmiki
- Bharata
- Gautama
The Jatakas are primarily associated with which religious tradition?
The Jatakas are primarily associated with which religious tradition?
What was the original name of the Mahabharata before it was expanded?
What was the original name of the Mahabharata before it was expanded?
Which type of literature focuses on domestic rituals in the post-Vedic period?
Which type of literature focuses on domestic rituals in the post-Vedic period?
In which language are the earliest Buddhist texts written?
In which language are the earliest Buddhist texts written?
During which Anglo-Mysore war was Tipu Sultan defeated?
During which Anglo-Mysore war was Tipu Sultan defeated?
Which of the following best describes the primary consequence of the Doctrine of Lapse?
Which of the following best describes the primary consequence of the Doctrine of Lapse?
What was the immediate trigger for the 1857 revolt?
What was the immediate trigger for the 1857 revolt?
Which event marked the beginning of Indian involvement in administration?
Which event marked the beginning of Indian involvement in administration?
In what way was the freedom struggle broadly categorized?
In what way was the freedom struggle broadly categorized?
What was the significance of the 'Do or Die' slogan during India's freedom struggle?
What was the significance of the 'Do or Die' slogan during India's freedom struggle?
Which of the following best characterizes the role of the Indian National Army (INA)?
Which of the following best characterizes the role of the Indian National Army (INA)?
What was the primary reason for the Royal Indian Navy Revolt?
What was the primary reason for the Royal Indian Navy Revolt?
Who was primarily responsible for the partition of India?
Who was primarily responsible for the partition of India?
Which of the following events directly led to the transfer of power from the British East India Company to the British Crown?
Which of the following events directly led to the transfer of power from the British East India Company to the British Crown?
What was the primary aim of the Individual Satyagraha?
What was the primary aim of the Individual Satyagraha?
Flashcards
Vedas
Vedas
Ancient Indian religious texts composed between 1500-500 B.C., primarily containing prayers, rituals, and philosophical discussions.
Rig Veda
Rig Veda
The earliest and most important Veda, primarily consisting of prayers to deities.
Upanishads
Upanishads
The Upanishads are philosophical texts exploring concepts of the self (atma) and the ultimate reality (paramatma).
Epics (Ramayana & Mahabharata)
Epics (Ramayana & Mahabharata)
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Mahabharata
Mahabharata
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Tripitaka (Three Baskets of Buddhist Teachings)
Tripitaka (Three Baskets of Buddhist Teachings)
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Jataka
Jataka
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Angas (Jain Texts)
Angas (Jain Texts)
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Doctrine of Lapse
Doctrine of Lapse
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Sepoy Mutiny of 1857
Sepoy Mutiny of 1857
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Queen's Proclamation
Queen's Proclamation
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Indian National Congress (INC)
Indian National Congress (INC)
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Moderate Phase of the Freedom Struggle (1885-1905)
Moderate Phase of the Freedom Struggle (1885-1905)
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Revolutionary Nationalism/Violent Phase of the Freedom Struggle (1905-1915)
Revolutionary Nationalism/Violent Phase of the Freedom Struggle (1905-1915)
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Quit India Movement
Quit India Movement
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Indian National Army (INA)
Indian National Army (INA)
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Royal Indian Navy Revolt
Royal Indian Navy Revolt
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Radcliffe Commission
Radcliffe Commission
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Study Notes
Ancient Indian Texts
- Vedas (c. 1500–500 B.C.) are religious texts, composed of four parts: Rig Veda (prayers), Sama, Yajur, and Atharva Vedas (prayers, rituals, magic, mythology).
- Upanishads (Vedanta) are philosophical discussions on Atman and Brahman.
- Ramayana and Mahabharata (compiled c. A.D. 400) are epics.
- Mahabharata: originally 8800 verses (Jaya gita), expanded to 24,000 (Bharata), then 100,000 verses (Mahabharata).
- Ramayana: originally 6,000, expanded to 12,000, then 24,000 verses.
- Sutras (post-Vedic period, c. 600–300 B.C.): ritual literature on moral values.
- Shrautasutra: describes grand public sacrifices.
- Grihyasutras: outlines domestic rituals (birth, naming, marriage, etc.).
- Jain and Buddhist religious texts: include references to historical figures and events.
- Buddhist texts (Tripitakas): composed in Pali, are the Suttapittaka, Vinayapitaka, and Abhidhammapitaka.
- Jatakas (Buddhist): stories of the Buddha's previous lives (over 550 births).
- Jaina texts (Angas): composed in Prakrit, compiled in 6th century AD at Vallabhi, Gujarat, containing Jaina philosophy.
Anglo-Mysore and Maratha Wars
- Four Anglo-Mysore Wars (1767-99).
- Tipu Sultan defeated in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War.
- Three Anglo-Maratha Wars (1775-1819).
- Punjab annexed by British by 1849 (after two Anglo-Sikh Wars).
Indian Revolt of 1857
- Doctrine of Lapse (Dalhousie): applied to Indian kingdoms (Jaipur, Nagpur, Jhansi, Satara).
- Resentment due to Doctrine of Lapse and earlier tribal/peasant revolts.
- Enfield rifle cartridges greased with cow and pig fat: offended religious sentiments of Indian sepoys.
- Mangal Pandey's revolt and mass imprisonment of sepoys ignited the revolt.
- Revolt suppressed, but it led to British Crown taking control from the East India Company.
- Queen's Proclamation (1858): marked beginning of Indian involvement in administration.
Indian Freedom Struggle
- Indian National Congress formed in 1885.
- Freedom Struggle broadly categorized into non-violent and violent phases.
- Moderate Phase (1885-1905)
- Phase 1 (1905-1915): Revolutionary Nationalism (e.g., Anushilan Samiti, Ghadar).
- World War II (1939): India declared as belligerent without consultation.
- Individual Satyagraha: political mobilization of masses.
- Cripps Mission (1942): proposed partition of India.
- Civil Disobedience Movement (1942): Gandhi's "Do or Die" slogan.
- Arrest of Congress leaders and underground movement.
- Indian National Army (INA): Bose's military struggle in North-east (failure).
- Royal Indian Navy Revolt against unpalatable food.
- Cabinet Mission (1946): sent to India.
- Radcliffe Commission: drew lines for partition.
- Independence on August 15, 1947.
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