Podcast
Questions and Answers
Why did the Aryans consider the Mundas and Santhals as their enemies?
Why did the Aryans consider the Mundas and Santhals as their enemies?
Who were some of the most primitive tribes in ancient Jharkhand?
Who were some of the most primitive tribes in ancient Jharkhand?
What is the significance of Rohtasgarh in the migration of the Oraons?
What is the significance of Rohtasgarh in the migration of the Oraons?
Which mountain ranges are believed to have protected Jharkhand from foreign invasions?
Which mountain ranges are believed to have protected Jharkhand from foreign invasions?
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Why did some linguists believe that the Oraons were originally from south India?
Why did some linguists believe that the Oraons were originally from south India?
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Where did the Kharias originally live before settling on the banks of Koel River?
Where did the Kharias originally live before settling on the banks of Koel River?
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What led to the Oraons settling in Chotanagpur according to the text?
What led to the Oraons settling in Chotanagpur according to the text?
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Which tribe has a disputed claim about their route and timing of entry into Jharkhand?
Which tribe has a disputed claim about their route and timing of entry into Jharkhand?
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Why did the Aryans refer to the Mundas as 'anti-Brahman'?
Why did the Aryans refer to the Mundas as 'anti-Brahman'?
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Which tribe is believed to have pushed the original tribes of Jharkhand towards southeast?
Which tribe is believed to have pushed the original tribes of Jharkhand towards southeast?
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In what direction did one branch of the Oraons move after leaving Rohtasgarh?
In what direction did one branch of the Oraons move after leaving Rohtasgarh?
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Who were some of the tribes that came to Jharkhand after the Kharias and Birhors?
Who were some of the tribes that came to Jharkhand after the Kharias and Birhors?
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Study Notes
Ancient Jharkhand
- Jharkhand was covered with dense forest in the pre-history period, but it was not isolated from the outside world.
- The Kaimur and Vindhya Mountains protected Jharkhand from foreign invasions.
Tribes of Jharkhand
- The most primitive tribes of Jharkhand were the Kharias, Birhors, and Asurs.
- The Mundas, Oraons, and Hos came after them.
- The Korba tribes came to this area in between them.
- Others like the Cheros, the Kharwar, the Bhumij, and the Santhal entered subsequently.
Migration of Tribes
- The Kharias probably came to Jharkhand from other places and lived from Rohtas to Pataliputra in the ancient period.
- Later, they settled on the banks of the Koel River after being dislodged from their original home.
- The Birhors entered Chotanagpur through the Kaimur Mountains.
- According to another view, the Mundas came to south Bihar from Tibet and were pushed towards Chotanagpur by the Oraons, the Cheros, and the Kharwar.
Origin of Mundas and Oraons
- The route and timing of the Mundas' entry into the state are not definitely known.
- According to B.C. Mazumdar, the Mundas had pushed the original tribes of Jharkhand towards the southeast.
- Another scholar suggests that they came from central India and Uttar Pradesh, where their land was captured by the Aryans.
Bhumij and Santhal Tribes
- The Bhumij and Santhal outnumbered other tribes in Singhbhum, Manbhum, and Hazaribagh.
- They were staunch rivals of the Aryans and were regarded as flesh-eaters and sorcerers.
Oraons and Their Migration
- The Oraons were probably original inhabitants of south India due to the similarity between the Kurkh language of the Oraons and the Kannad of the Tamils.
- They were habitual wanderers who moved from place to place before reaching Jharkhand.
- After their exit from Rohtasgarh, the Oraons moved into two directions, one along the Ganges and reaching Rajmahal, and the other crossing the Son River and entering the part of North Koel River.
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Description
Explore the ancient period of Jharkhand when it was covered with dense forests and inhabited by tribes like Kharias, Birhors, and Asurs. Learn about the Gupta rulers, Shashank, and the influence of the Kaimur and Vindhya Mountains on the region's history.
