Ancient Greek Civilizations Quiz

Early Greek societies located in the Aegean region, known for unique cultures and social structures.

Two major city-states in Ancient Greece with differing forms of government, military strengths, and cultures.

Conflicts between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire, impacting Greek history.

Ancient Greek king who built a vast empire after conquering territories.

Greek culture had profound impacts on art, philosophy, politics and literature across the world.

The Roman Republic was governed by a complex system with three main branches: the Senate, Magistrates, and Assemblies/Tribunes. Each branch had specific roles and powers, designed to balance and control each other.

The Senate was a powerful body of 300 men who advised magistrates, managed finances and foreign affairs, and reviewed proposed laws. It was considered the most influential branch of the government.

Magistrates were the executive branch, responsible for putting laws into practice. This included roles like Consuls (chief executives), Censors (appointing Senators and keeping records), and Praetors (judges).

The Assemblies were responsible for electing Magistrates and voting on laws, representing the will of the people. Tribunes were officials elected by plebians to protect their interests.

The Roman Republic faced a major crisis due to growing social tensions between the wealthy and the poor, leading to political instability and violence. This crisis was exacerbated after the Punic Wars.

Twin brothers who, according to legend, founded Rome. Romulus killed Remus and became the first king.

Rome is built on seven hills, a strategic location for defence and resources.

The Mediterranean Sea played a vital role in Roman trade, transport, and protection due to its location.

A system of fortified borders in the Roman Empire, protecting the empire from Germanic tribes.

The Etruscans, residing in ancient Etruria, were skilled metalworkers and jewellers, influenced by Greek culture.

The Etruscans introduced key elements to Roman civilization, including city walls, sewers, building techniques, and alphabet.

The last Etruscan king of Rome, ultimately overthrown for his wickedness.

The period after the Etruscan monarchy, characterized by a republic government and the rise of the Senate.

Roman society was divided into patricians (aristocrats) and plebeians (commoners), with unequal rights.

The Plebeian Council was formed by plebeians to protect their rights and interests.

A new form of imperial government in the Roman Empire characterized by the rule of the Tetrarchy, where the emperor held supreme power (Dominus et Deus).

The first ruler of the Dominate (284-305 AD) who resolved economic depression, stabilized the Empire, and divided it among four emperors (tetrarchs).

A system of government with four emperors ruling the Roman Empire, established by Diocletian to manage the vast territory.

A decree issued by Constantine in 313 AD that granted religious freedom to Christians, allowing them to practice openly within the Roman Empire.

A Roman emperor who defeated other tetrarchs to gain supreme power (306-337 AD), issued the Edict of Milan, and moved the capital to Byzantium (Constantinople).

A massive Christian cathedral built by Emperor Justinian I in Constantinople, famous for its impressive architecture and grandeur.

A comprehensive collection of Roman laws compiled under Emperor Justinian I (527-565 AD) that helped restore order in the Byzantine Empire and influenced legal systems across Europe.

A political alliance formed in 60 BC between Julius Caesar, Gnaeus Pompey, and Marcus Licinius Crassus, who aimed to control the Roman Republic.

After the First Triumvirate dissolved, Caesar won the Roman Civil War against Pompey and became dictator for life in 44 BC.

Caesar implemented reforms including granting citizenship to provincials and distributing land to veterans, which led to increased support.

Caesar was murdered by a group of senators who feared his growing power and ambition to dismantle the Republic.

A new alliance formed in 43 BC between Octavian (Caesar's adopted son), Mark Antony, and Marcus Lepidus, who sought to consolidate power after Caesar's assassination.

After Lepidus was removed, the Second Triumvirate split the Roman Empire between Octavian (West) and Antony (East).

Octavian defeated Antony and Cleopatra in a civil war, becoming the sole ruler of Rome and marking the end of the Roman Republic.

A period of peace and prosperity under Octavian Augustus, characterized by artistic and literary flourishing, known as the Roman Peace (Pax Romana).