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Questions and Answers
What was the primary use of the wheel in ancient Chinese inventions?
What was the material used to make paper in ancient China?
What was the primary purpose of the compass in ancient China?
Who was the most powerful Mongol leader?
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What was the name of the river where the earliest Chinese farmers lived?
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What was the primary reason for the constant growth of ideas in ancient China?
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What was the material used to make porcelain in ancient China?
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What was the name of the Chinese dynasty that was known as the 'Golden Horde'?
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Study Notes
Chinese Inventions
- The wheel was invented to turn mills, grinding grain and turning oil.
- Writing was developed, where early writers scrawled symbols on wood, each word having its own symbol.
- Paper was invented, made from pulped wood, bleached and pressed into thin sheets, and written on with brushes dipped in ink.
- Printing was developed, where symbols were carved into wood and metal blocks, and ink was spread over the blocks and pressed on paper.
- Porcelain was invented, made from clay that turns white at very high temperatures.
- Tea was invented, where leaves were pressed and heated, turned into powder, and then diluted with hot water.
- Gunpowder was invented, a mixture that exploded when Chinese chemists experimented with various materials.
- Kites were invented, with a framework of bamboo covered with paper.
- Clocks and compasses were invented, with craftsmen making chain drivers and balance wheels to record hours of the day, and compasses used on ships to find the north.
The Mongols
- The Mongols were nomadic tribes of horsemen who dominated the great plains of Mongolia beyond the Great Wall.
- They were fierce warriors and excellent bowmen.
- They lived in small tents.
- Mongol rulers were called Khans and were known as the ‘Golden Horde’.
- Genghis Khan was the most powerful Mongol leader, who created a powerful army of over 250,000 soldiers who were well-disciplined.
Chinese Dynasties
- The Chinese dynasties were named as follows: Shang, Chou, Ch’in, Han, T’ang, Sung, Mongol rulers, and Ming.
Chinese History
- The Chinese people have a history that goes back over 5000 years.
- The earliest farmers lived along the banks of the Hwang Ho and Yangtze rivers.
- The people worked hard, draining marshes, clearing forests to make large fields.
- The constant growth of ideas was due to most rulers building upon the achievements of past generations.
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Description
Discover the fascinating inventions of ancient China, including the wheel, writing, paper, printing, and porcelain. Learn how these innovations impacted daily life and culture.
