Podcast
Questions and Answers
If a person fractures their femur in a skiing accident, which skeletal component is directly affected?
If a person fractures their femur in a skiing accident, which skeletal component is directly affected?
- Vertebral column
- Axial component
- Pectoral girdle
- Appendicular component (correct)
Which of the following is the primary function of the axial skeleton?
Which of the following is the primary function of the axial skeleton?
- Facilitating limb movement
- Providing structural support for the appendicular skeleton
- Enabling fine motor skills in the hands and feet
- Protecting internal organs (correct)
A forensic anthropologist discovers a set of bones consisting of a scapula, clavicle, and humerus. From which part of the skeleton did these bones originate?
A forensic anthropologist discovers a set of bones consisting of a scapula, clavicle, and humerus. From which part of the skeleton did these bones originate?
- Lower extremity
- Pectoral girdle and upper extremity (correct)
- Axial skeleton
- Pelvic girdle
How would the skeletal system be classified if a patient has fractured ribs and a sternum?
How would the skeletal system be classified if a patient has fractured ribs and a sternum?
A person's height and body shape is primarily determined by the skeletal system. What other additional factors influence it?
A person's height and body shape is primarily determined by the skeletal system. What other additional factors influence it?
Which of the following statements best describes the primary functional difference between the axial and appendicular skeletal components?
Which of the following statements best describes the primary functional difference between the axial and appendicular skeletal components?
In anatomical terms, what is the relationship between the elbow and the wrist?
In anatomical terms, what is the relationship between the elbow and the wrist?
A doctor is examining a patient with pain located on the front of their knee. Using anatomical terminology, how would the doctor best describe the location of the pain in their notes?
A doctor is examining a patient with pain located on the front of their knee. Using anatomical terminology, how would the doctor best describe the location of the pain in their notes?
When a person stands in anatomical position, which of the following is TRUE?
When a person stands in anatomical position, which of the following is TRUE?
Compared to a biologically female skeleton, a biologically male skeleton typically exhibits which of the following characteristics?
Compared to a biologically female skeleton, a biologically male skeleton typically exhibits which of the following characteristics?
In a standard anatomical reference position, the thumbs are positioned:
In a standard anatomical reference position, the thumbs are positioned:
If someone has a bruise on their back near their spine, a doctor would likely describe the bruise as being on the ____ aspect of their body.
If someone has a bruise on their back near their spine, a doctor would likely describe the bruise as being on the ____ aspect of their body.
Which of the following best explains why reference positions, such as the anatomical position, are important in anatomy?
Which of the following best explains why reference positions, such as the anatomical position, are important in anatomy?
Flashcards
Skeletal System
Skeletal System
Bones, cartilage, ligaments, and joints that make up roughly 20% of body weight.
Axial Skeleton
Axial Skeleton
Skull, ribs, sternum, and vertebral column (80 bones).
Appendicular Skeleton
Appendicular Skeleton
Pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, and limb bones (126 bones)
Pectoral Girdle
Pectoral Girdle
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Lower Extremity Bones
Lower Extremity Bones
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Axial vs. Appendicular Skeleton
Axial vs. Appendicular Skeleton
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Superior
Superior
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Inferior
Inferior
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Anterior
Anterior
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Posterior
Posterior
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Medial
Medial
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Lateral
Lateral
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Anatomical Body Position
Anatomical Body Position
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Study Notes
- The human skeleton divides into the axial and appendicular components, each with distinct primary functions.
Positional Terminology
- Used to describe the relative positions of body parts.
- Examples include superior, inferior, proximal, distal, anterior, posterior, medial, lateral, and intermediate.
Biological Sex Differences
- Bones are typically larger and heavier in the biologically male skeleton.
- Larger muscles in biologically male individuals lead to more prominent ridges and bumps on bones due to increased muscle attachment.
- The biologically female pelvis is generally wider and shallower.
Anatomical Terminology
- Superior: Above or nearer to the head.
- Inferior: Below or further from the head.
- Anterior: In front of or nearer to the front.
- Posterior: Behind or nearer to the back.
- Medial: Closer to the midline of the body.
- Lateral: Further from the midline of the body.
- Proximal: Nearer to where a limb attaches to the body.
- Distal: Further from where a limb attaches to the body.
- Posture can affect the position of anatomical structures.
Reference Positions
- Clarify an individual's starting posture.
- Useful for describing and demonstrating joint movements.
- Anatomical body position: Upright, facing forward, feet parallel and close, palms facing forward.
Skeletal System Composition
- Bones, cartilage, ligaments, and joints form the skeletal system.
- Accounts for ~20% of body weight.
- Determines the body's shape and size, also affected by nutrition, physical activity, and posture.
- 206 bones in the skeleton.
Skeletal System Components
- Axial component: 80 bones, including skull, ribs, sternum, and vertebral column.
- Appendicular component: 126 bones, including pectoral (shoulder) girdle, pelvic (hip) girdle, and bones of the upper and lower extremities.
- Pectoral and pelvic girdles attach the upper and lower extremities to the axial skeleton.
- Pectoral girdle: Scapula and clavicle.
- Upper extremity: Humerus, ulna, radius, carpal bones, metacarpals, and phalanges.
- Lower extremity: Femur, tibia, fibula, tarsal bones, metatarsals, and phalanges.
Axial Skeleton
- Bones (skull, sternum, ribs, vertebral column) protect important structures.
- Providing protection is the main function.
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Description
Exploration of the human skeleton's axial and appendicular components, emphasizing their distinct functions. Includes positional and anatomical terminology. Discusses biological sex differences in skeletal structure, such as bone size and pelvic structure.
