Anatomy Quiz

Anatomy Branches

• Typical anatomy: studies the mutual location and relationship of organs and tissues in the human body
• Age-related anatomy: studies age-related differences in the size, shape, and location of organs
• Topographic anatomy: studies the location of anatomical formations in relation to each other in the area under consideration
• Projection: studies the projection of organs
• Clinical anatomy: studies the morphology of organs and surrounding formations in conditions of pathology

Anatomical Relationships

• Syntopy: studies the location of anatomical formations in relation to each other
• Skeletotopia: studies the ratio of anatomical formations to the bone skeleton
• Holotopy: studies the relation of anatomical formations to the body and its areas

Surgical Instruments

• Ligature needles: instruments for connecting tissues
• Trusso tracheorassilator: instruments for surgery on the main vessels
• Clamping surgical instruments: include holders, elevators, and tweezers

Suturing and Nerve Truncation

• Needles: piercing, atraumatic, cutting, straight, and Deshan are used for suturing the skin
• Nerve truncation: performed during amputation, with no fundamental difference in the method used
• Suture of the nerve: usually includes epineurium, endoneurium, and perineurium

Brachial Plexus

• Medial pedicle: median nerve, ulnar, medial cutaneous nerves of the shoulder and forearm, and intercostal-brachial nerve arise from the medial bundle
• Lateral pedicle: musculocutaneous nerve and lateral pedicle of the median nerve arise from the lateral bundle
• Posterior bundle: radial, axillary, and musculoskeletal nerves arise from this bundle

Nerve Damage and Abscess Formation

• Axillary nerve damage: characterized by the inability to actively withdraw the shoulder from the trunk to the horizontal level and disturbed skin innervation of the deltoid region and the lateral surface of the shoulder
• Abscess formation: can spread in the sub-pelvic cellular space, axillary cellular space, or sub-sectoral cellular space in the deltoid muscle

Arteries and Veins

• Axillary artery injury: requires bandaging proximal to the place of departure of the thoracospinal artery to preserve the collateral pathway of blood supply to the upper limb
• Subcapular artery: passes through a three-sided opening
• Axillary vein: located medial to the axillary artery