Anatomy of Thigh Muscles

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Questions and Answers

Which nerve innervates the Hamstrings?

  • Sciatic nerve (L4-S2)
  • Obturator nerve (L2-L4)
  • Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
  • Tibial nerve (L4-S2) (correct)

What is the primary function of the Quadriceps?

  • Hip extension
  • External rotation of the hip
  • Knee flexion
  • Knee extension (correct)

Which muscle is NOT part of the Hamstrings?

  • Semitendinosus
  • Semimembranosus
  • Rectus femoris (correct)
  • Biceps femoris (long head)

What is a secondary function of the Hamstrings?

<p>Assisting in external rotation of the hip (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many muscles make up the Quadriceps?

<p>4 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a function of the Quadriceps?

<p>Knee extension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle group is responsible for bending the knee?

<p>Hamstrings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a secondary action of the Quadriceps?

<p>Hip flexion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the Quadriceps?

<p>Biceps femoris (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common action of both the Quadriceps and Hamstrings?

<p>Assisting in movements like walking or running (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Hamstring Muscles

Group of three muscles in the back of the thigh (posterior compartment).

Quadriceps Muscles

Four muscles in the front of the thigh (anterior compartment).

Hamstring Action

Flexes the knee and extends the hip.

Quadriceps Action

Extends the knee.

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Biceps Femoris

One of the hamstring muscles.

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Rectus Femoris

One of the quadriceps muscles.

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Tibial Nerve

Innervates (controls) the hamstring muscles.

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Femoral Nerve

Innervates (controls) the quadriceps muscles.

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Study Notes

Thigh Muscles

Hamstrings

  • A group of three muscles located in the posterior compartment of the thigh
  • Responsible for flexing the knee and extending the hip
  • Consist of:
    1. Biceps femoris (long head and short head)
    2. Semitendinosus
    3. Semimembranosus
  • Innervated by the tibial nerve (L4-S2)
  • Functions:
    • Knee flexion
    • Hip extension
    • Assisting in external rotation of the hip

Quadriceps

  • A group of four muscles located in the anterior compartment of the thigh
  • Responsible for extending the knee
  • Consist of:
    1. Rectus femoris
    2. Vastus lateralis
    3. Vastus medialis
    4. Vastus intermedius
  • Innervated by the femoral nerve (L2-L4)
  • Functions:
    • Knee extension
    • Assisting in stabilizing the patella
    • Assisting in straightening the leg

Thigh Muscles

Hamstrings

  • Located in the posterior compartment of the thigh
  • Responsible for flexing the knee and extending the hip
  • Consist of three muscles: biceps femoris (long head and short head), semitendinosus, and semimembranosus
  • Innervated by the tibial nerve (L4-S2)
  • Functions: knee flexion, hip extension, and assisting in external rotation of the hip

Quadriceps

  • Located in the anterior compartment of the thigh
  • Responsible for extending the knee
  • Consist of four muscles: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius
  • Innervated by the femoral nerve (L2-L4)
  • Functions: knee extension, assisting in stabilizing the patella, and assisting in straightening the leg

Muscles of the Upper Leg

Quadriceps

  • Composed of four muscles: Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, and Vastus intermedius
  • Located on the front of the thigh
  • Responsible for knee extension (straightening) and hip flexion (bending)
  • Actions include:
    • Straightening the knee from a bent position
    • Helping to lock the knee in place
    • Assisting in hip flexion during movements like walking or running

Hamstrings

  • Composed of three muscles: Biceps femoris (long head and short head), Semitendinosus, and Semimembranosus
  • Located on the back of the thigh
  • Responsible for knee flexion (bending) and hip extension (straightening)
  • Actions include:
    • Bending the knee from a straight position
    • Helping to slow down the knee during movements like running or jumping
    • Assisting in hip extension during movements like standing up or climbing stairs

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