Anatomy of the Tongue in Digestive System

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What is the tongue composed of?

skeletal muscle covered with mucous membrane

What is the function of the lingual frenulum?

to limit the movement of the tongue posteriorly

What is ankyloglossia, and how can it be corrected?

a condition where a person's lingual frenulum is abnormally short or rigid; it can be corrected surgically

What are the three major external regions of a tooth?

the crown, root, and neck Signup and view all the answers

What is the majority of the tooth composed of?

dentin Signup and view all the answers

Why is dentin harder than bone?

due to its higher content of hydroxyapatite (70% versus 55% of dry weight) Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate weight of the liver in an average adult?

1.4 kg (about 3 lb) Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the liver compared to other organs?

It is the only organ which regenerates after being recessed. Signup and view all the answers

Where is the gallbladder located in relation to the liver?

In a depression of the posterior surface of the liver Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the falciform ligament?

It helps to suspend the liver in the abdominal cavity Signup and view all the answers

What is the ligamentum teres?

A remnant of the umbilical vein of the fetus Signup and view all the answers

What are the right and left coronary ligaments?

Narrow extensions of the parietal peritoneum that suspend the liver from the diaphragm Signup and view all the answers

What are the major functional cells of the liver that perform a wide array of metabolic, secretory, and endocrine functions?

Hepatocytes Signup and view all the answers

What are the small ducts between hepatocytes that collect bile produced by the hepatocytes?

Bile canaliculi Signup and view all the answers

What are the highly permeable blood capillaries between rows of hepatocytes that receive oxygenated blood from the hepatic artery and nutrient-rich deoxygenated blood from the hepatic portal vein?

Hepatic sinusoids Signup and view all the answers

What happens to blood glucose in the liver when it is low?

The liver breaks down glycogen to glucose and releases it into the bloodstream. Signup and view all the answers

What are the lipoproteins synthesized by hepatocytes used for?

To transport fatty acids, triglycerides, and cholesterol to and from body cells Signup and view all the answers

What do hepatocytes do to amino acids in protein metabolism?

Deaminate (remove the amino group) them Signup and view all the answers

What is the age range when deciduous teeth are lost and replaced by permanent teeth?

6-12 years Signup and view all the answers

How many teeth are in the permanent dentition?

32 Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for third molars that do not erupt due to lack of space in the jaw?

Impacted teeth Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate length and thickness of the pancreas?

12-15 cm long, 2.5 cm thick Signup and view all the answers

What are the three parts of the pancreas?

Head, body, and tail Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the pancreas in relation to the stomach?

Posterior to the greater curvature of the stomach Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary composition of enamel?

calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of enamel in the tooth?

to protect the tooth from wear and tear of chewing and against acids that can dissolve dentin Signup and view all the answers