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Questions and Answers
What anatomical structure serves as the median part of the floor of the cranial cavity?
What anatomical structure serves as the median part of the floor of the cranial cavity?
Sella turcica.
Name the two bones that form the posterior boundary of the cribriform plate.
Name the two bones that form the posterior boundary of the cribriform plate.
Petrous temporal bones and dorsum sellae.
Identify the foramen that allows passage for the optic nerve.
Identify the foramen that allows passage for the optic nerve.
Optic canal.
What notable structure is located laterally to the median part of the floor of the skull?
What notable structure is located laterally to the median part of the floor of the skull?
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What is the significance of the clivus in cranial anatomy?
What is the significance of the clivus in cranial anatomy?
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What is the significance of the pterygoid fossa in relation to adjacent anatomical structures?
What is the significance of the pterygoid fossa in relation to adjacent anatomical structures?
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Describe the anatomical boundaries of the anterior cranial fossa.
Describe the anatomical boundaries of the anterior cranial fossa.
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What are the main features found within the basilar part of the occipital bone?
What are the main features found within the basilar part of the occipital bone?
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What distinguishes the middle cranial fossa from the anterior and posterior cranial fossae in terms of its anatomical location?
What distinguishes the middle cranial fossa from the anterior and posterior cranial fossae in terms of its anatomical location?
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List the bones that form the floor of the posterior cranial fossa and their arrangement.
List the bones that form the floor of the posterior cranial fossa and their arrangement.
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Study Notes
Pterygoid Hamulus
- Contains the groove for the pharyngo-tympanic tube
- Located at the upper end of the pterygoid process
- Rough quadrate area on the lateral side of the pterygoid process
- Forms a "V" shape between two foramina: oval and spinosum
- Shows two processes: styloid and mastoid
Basilar Part of Occipital Bone
- Features:
- Pharyngeal tubercle
- Articular parts: mandibular fossa, articular eminence, and occipital condyle
- Hypoglossal canal
- Posterior Condylar fossa
- Posterior Condylar canal
Cranial Cavity
Inner Surface of Skull Cap
- Made up of:
- Anteriorly: Frontal bone
- Laterally: Parietal bones
- Posteriorly: Squamous part of occipital bone
- Sutures:
- Coronal suture
- Sagittal suture
- Lambdoid suture
- Features:
- Frontal crest
- Sagittal sulcus
- Granular foveolae
- Parietal emissary foramen
- Grooves for branches of middle meningeal vessels
Norma Basalis Interna
- Divided into three cranial fossae:
- Anterior cranial fossa
- Middle cranial fossa
- Posterior cranial fossa
Anterior Cranial Fossa
- The highest, smallest, and most anterior fossa
- Butterfly shape
- Floor consists of:
- Anteriorly: Orbital plates of frontal bone and cribriform plate of ethmoid bone
- Posteriorly: Sphenoid bone
Middle Cranial Fossa
- Located below the anterior fossa
- Borders:
- Anteriorly: Lesser wings of sphenoid and anterior clinoid processes
- Posteriorly: Petrous temporal bones and dorsum sellae
- Floor consists of:
- Body of sphenoid
- Greater wing of sphenoid
- Petrous part of temporal bone
- Squamous temporal bone
Posterior Cranial Fossa
- The widest, deepest, and most posterior fossa
- Floor consists of:
- Anteriorly: Clivus
- Posteriorly: Squamous part of occipital bone
- Antro-laterally: Petrous part of temporal bone, mastoid part of temporal bone
Norma Basalis
- Divided into three parts:
- Anterior part
- Middle part
- Posterior part
Anterior Part of Norma Basalis
- Formed by:
- Hard palate
- Alveolar arch of maxilla
- Bones that make up the anterior part of the Norma Basalis:
- Palatine process of maxilla
- Horizontal plate of palatine bone
- Sutures:
- Palato-maxillary suture
- Inter-maxillary suture
- Features:
- Alveolar margin (arch): carries 16 sockets for the roots of upper teeth
- Posterior border of the hard palate
- Posterior nasal spine
- Maxillary tuberosity
- Foramina:
- Incisive fossa (contains four small foramina):
- Two small median incisive foramina
- Two lateral foramina
- Greater palatine foramen (medial to the last molar)
- Lesser palatine foramina
- Incisive fossa (contains four small foramina):
Middle Part of Norma Basalis
- Extends from the posterior border of the hard palate to a line passing through the anterior border of the foramen magnum
- Divided into:
- Median area
- Lateral area
- Bones forming the middle part:
- Anterior (middle): Vomer and body of sphenoid
- Anterior (laterally): Pterygoid process and infra temporal surface of the greater wing of sphenoid
- Posterior-laterally:
- Petrous part of temporal bone
- Tympanic part of temporal bone
- Mastoid part of temporal bone
- Posterior (middle):
- Basilar part of occipital bone
- 2 lateral parts of occipital bone
- Features:
- Posterior nasal openings (choana): separated by the vomer
- A median vertical bony plate between the two posterior nasal openings
- Pterygoid process of sphenoid bone:
- Lateral pterygoid plate
- Medial pterygoid plate
- Infratemporal surface of greater wing of sphenoid bone:
- Bounded laterally by infra temporal crest
- Bounded medially by the posterior border of the pterygoid process
- Petrous part of temporal bone:
- Wedged between the greater wing of sphenoid and basilar part of the occipital bone
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Description
This quiz focuses on the anatomy of the skull, including the pterygoid hamulus and the basilar part of the occipital bone. It covers key features, locations, and connections within the cranial cavity and inner skull structures. Test your knowledge of cranial anatomy with detailed questions!
