Anatomy of the Skin

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Questions and Answers

What occurs in hyper-pigmentation?

The skin lightens in color

The skin darkens in color

The skin remains the same color but melanocytes produce more melanin (correct)

The skin becomes transparent

What is tested through the skin fold in palpation and mobilization?

Skin temperature

Skin texture

Skin mechanical properties (correct)

Skin elasticity

What is an indicator of trophism and blood supply?

Pulse (correct)

Skin humidity

Skin temperature

Skin secretion

What is a type of disorder related to skin secretion?

Sudorative disorder Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of atrophic skin?

Wrinkled skin Signup and view all the answers

What is a test used to diagnose lymphedema?

Stemmer's Sign test Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin provides mechanical protection?

Hypodermis Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sebaceous glands in the skin?

Electrical protection Signup and view all the answers

What type of sensory receptors are located in peripheral tissues such as skin, superficial fascia, tendons, and joint capsules?

Somatic receptors Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the epidermis is characterized by the presence of keratin-filled cells?

Stratum Granulosum Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of melanin-producing cells in the skin?

Light protection Signup and view all the answers

Which type of thermoreceptors respond to temperatures above 45 degrees Celsius?

Ruffini's corpuscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the sebaceous secretion in the skin?

To maintain normal, dry, or oily skin Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the absence of perception in the skin?

Anesthesia Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sensory receptor is responsible for detecting vibrations in the skin?

Pallesthetic receptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the ability to perceive the position and movement of joints in the skin?

Proprioception Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the hypodermis in the skin?

To store energy in the form of adipose tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the normal, physiologic functioning of the skin?

Normoesthesia Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of dermatomes in skin assessment?

They are areas of skin innervated by a single spinal nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of bilateral observation during skin examination?

To assess the patient's skin symmetry and identify any abnormalities Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Pacinian corpuscles?

Sensitive to skin displacement and vibration Signup and view all the answers

What does a yellowish skin tone indicate during skin examination?

A problem with the liver Signup and view all the answers

Which type of mechanoreceptor is sensitive to superficial touch and tickling?

Rapidly adapting receptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of palpation during skin examination?

To assess the patient's skin texture and identify any abnormalities Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of Meissner's corpuscles?

Papillary dermis, located in thick hairless skin Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Ruffini corpuscles?

Sensitive to skin displacement and maintained pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is an important consideration when preparing the environment for skin examination?

Ensuring the room is quiet, well-ventilated, and has good lighting Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to cover the stretcher with a pad or sheet during skin examination?

To prevent the patient's skin from coming into contact with the stretcher Signup and view all the answers

Which type of receptors are sensitive to pressure and trigger emotions?

Nociceptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Type 1 mechanoreceptors?

Small and surface covering Signup and view all the answers

What is the ability to identify objects by touch?

Sterognosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the skin as a membrane?

Prevent water loss Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability to identify signs on the skin?

Graphesthesia Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability to differentiate two points applied to the skin at the same time?

Two-point discrimination Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the skin that allows it to stretch and move with the body?

Elasticity and mobility Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability to sense vibrations through the skin?

Bathesthesia Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a decrease in sensitivity to stimulation?

Hypoalesthesia Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the skin that allows it to prevent water loss?

Relative waterproofness Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the sensitivity to deep pressure and vibrations?

Proprioceptive sensitivity Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the skin that allows it to be highly nourished?

Vascularity Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hyperpigmentation

Occurs when there is an excess of melanin in the skin.

Skin Fold Palpation and Mobilization

Tests for the presence of subcutaneous fat, which can indicate the patient's nutritional status, fluid balance, and overall health.

Trophism and Blood Supply

The skin's texture, temperature, and turgor are indicators of trophism and blood supply.

Skin Secretion Disorder

A type of disorder related to skin secretion is acne, caused by an overproduction of sebum.

Atrophic Skin

Characterized by thin, fragile skin that is easily torn.

Lymphedema Diagnosis

Tested by the Stemmer's sign, a test that looks for the inability to pinch the skin on the dorsum of the toe.

Mechanical Protection of the Skin

The stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the epidermis, provides mechanical protection.

Sebaceous Glands Function

Sebaceous glands secrete sebum, an oily substance that helps to lubricate and protect the skin.

Peripheral Tissue Sensory Receptors

Mechanoreceptors, located in peripheral tissues such as skin, superficial fascia, tendons, and joint capsules, are responsible for detecting touch, pressure, vibration, and stretch.

Epidermis Layer with Keratin-filled Cells

The stratum granulosum layer of the epidermis is characterized by the presence of keratin-filled cells.

Melanin-producing Cells Function

Melanin-producing cells, called melanocytes, produce melanin, a pigment that protects the skin from the sun's harmful ultraviolet rays.

Thermoreceptors Responding to High Temperatures

Heat receptors (thermoreceptors) respond to temperatures above 45 degrees Celsius (113 degrees Fahrenheit).

Sebaceous Secretion in the Skin

The primary function of sebaceous secretion in the skin is to lubricate and protect the skin from water loss.

Absence of Skin Perception

The term for the absence of perception in the skin is anesthesia.

Vibrations Detection in the Skin

Pacinian corpuscles, located deep in the dermis, are responsible for detecting vibrations in the skin.

Joint Position and Movement Perception

Proprioception is the ability to perceive the position and movement of joints.

Hypodermis Function in the Skin

The hypodermis, the deepest layer of the skin, provides insulation, energy storage, and cushioning.

Normal Skin Functioning

Homeostasis refers to the normal, physiologic functioning of the skin.

Dermatomes Significance in Skin Assessment

Dermatomes are areas of skin innervated by a specific spinal nerve. Understanding dermatomes can help to localize the source of pain and other skin problems.

Bilateral Observation during Skin Examination

Bilateral observation during skin examination is important to ensure that both sides of the body are symmetrical and that any abnormalities are identified.

Pacinian Corpuscles Characteristic

Pacinian corpuscles are encapsulated mechanoreceptors that respond to deep pressure and vibration.

Yellowish Skin Tone Significance

A yellowish skin tone, known as jaundice, can indicate liver problems.

Mechanoreceptor Sensitive to Superficial Touch

Meissner's corpuscles, located in the dermal papillae, are sensitive to superficial touch and tickling.

Purpose of Palpation During Skin Examination

Palpation is used to assess the skin's temperature, texture, and turgor.

Meissner's Corpuscles Location

Meissner's corpuscles are located in the dermal papillae, which are small projections of the dermis that extend into the epidermis.

Ruffini Corpuscles Function

Ruffini corpuscles are sensitive to stretch and pressure and are located in the dermis.

Environment Preparation for Skin Examination

The environment for skin examination should be warm and well-lit.

Importance of Covering the Stretcher

Covering the examination stretcher with a pad or sheet helps to ensure patient comfort and privacy.

Receptors Sensitive to Pressure and Emotions

Merkel cells, located in the stratum basale, are sensitive to pressure and trigger emotions.

Type 1 Mechanoreceptor Characteristic

Type 1 mechanoreceptors, which include Meissner's corpuscles and Merkel cells, are rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors.

Object Identification by Touch

Stereognosis is the ability to identify objects by touch.

Skin as a Membrane Function

The skin acts as a semi-permeable membrane, regulating the passage of substances into and out of the body and protecting the body from infection.

Ability to Identify Signs on the Skin

Dermatoglyphics refers to the study of skin ridges, also known as fingerprints.

Differentiation of Two Points on the Skin

Two-point discrimination is the ability to differentiate two points applied to the skin at the same time.

Skin Stretch and Movement

The skin's elasticity allows it to stretch and move with the body.

Vibration Sensing

Vibration sensitivity is the ability to sense vibrations through the skin.

Decrease in Sensitivity to Stimulation

Hypoesthesia is a decrease in sensitivity to stimulation.

Prevention of Water Loss

The skin's impermeability helps prevent water loss, helping to maintain hydration.

Deep Pressure and Vibration Sensitivity

Pacinian corpuscles are sensitive to deep pressure and vibration.

Highly Nourished Skin Characteristic

The skin's vascularity allows it to be highly nourished, aiding in its repair and regeneration.

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Description

This quiz covers the layers of the skin, including the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, as well as the functions of the skin, such as protection and thermal regulation.