Anatomy of the Skeletomuscular System
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Questions and Answers

What is the attachment point to the bone that does not move called?

  • Origin
  • Tendon
  • Belly
  • Insertion

    • What is the fleshy part of the muscle between the tendons of origin and insertion?

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Tendon
  • Belly (correct)

    • What percentage of the body mass is made up of muscle tissue?

  • 20%
  • 40% (correct)
  • 50%
  • 30%

    • What is the attachment point to the bone that moves called?

    <p>Insertion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of skeletal muscles in the muscular system?

    <p>Heat production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of skeletal muscle?

    <p>Secretion of hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many groups of skeletal muscles are there in the human body?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of the Skeletal System?

    <p>Bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What attaches muscles to bones?

    <p>Tendons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of tendons in skeletal muscles?

    <p>To attach muscles to bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a group of skeletal muscles?

    <p>Muscles of the thorax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many types of muscle tissue are there?

    <p>Three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of bones in the body?

    <p>To form the framework that supports the body, provides points of attachment for skeletal muscles, protects the organs, and stores inorganic salts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of muscle forms the muscular layer of the heart?

    <p>Cardiac muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many bones are in the adult human skeleton?

    <p>206</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the axial skeleton?

    <p>To protect the organs within the body cavities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of skeletal muscles in maintaining posture?

    <p>Maintenance of muscle tone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the red bone marrow?

    <p>To produce red blood cells, white blood cells, and lymph cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many muscles are there in the human body?

    <p>More than 600</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appendicular skeleton composed of?

    <p>Bones of the shoulder and pelvic girdles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total number of vertebrae in the vertebral column?

    <p>24</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the rib cage?

    <p>To protect the heart and lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a long bone?

    <p>Its length is more than its width</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bones is an example of a short bone?

    <p>Tarsal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of synovial fluid in a joint?

    <p>It allows for movable joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint is the joint between the vertebral bodies?

    <p>Cartilaginous joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a flat bone?

    <p>It is thin, flattened</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bones is an example of a sesamoid bone?

    <p>Patella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a fibrous joint?

    <p>It is immovable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a joint?

    <p>The site where two or more bones come together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The Skeletomuscular System

    • The skeletomuscular system provides movement, stability, shape, and support to the human body.
    • It is divided into two broad systems: the skeletal system and the muscular system.

    Skeletal System

    • The skeletal system is composed of 206 bones and their associated cartilages.
    • Bones are rigid organs that form part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates.
    • Functions of bones:
      • Provide framework to support the body.
      • Provide points of attachment for skeletal muscles.
      • Protect organs within body cavities.
      • Store inorganic salts such as calcium and phosphate.
      • Contain and protect red bone marrow.

    Axial Skeleton

    • Includes bones along the longitudinal axis of the body.
    • Comprises the vertebral column, cranial and facial bones, and bones of the thoracic cage.

    Appendicular Skeleton

    • Includes bones of the upper and lower extremities.
    • Comprises bones of the shoulder and pelvic girdles, bones of the upper and lower limbs.

    Types of Bones

    • Long bone: length is more than its width (e.g., humerus, ulna, tibia, clavicle, phalanges).
    • Short bone: cuboid or round shape (e.g., tarsal and carpal bones).
    • Flat bone: thin, flattened (e.g., most skull bones, scapula, sternum).
    • Sesamoid bone: small, rounded, embedded in muscle (e.g., patella of knee).
    • Irregular bone: irregular and complex shape (e.g., vertebrae, hip bone).

    Joints

    • Joints are classified into three types depending on the tissue that holds the neighboring bones together.
    • Types of joints:
      • Synovial joint: movable, bones joined together by synovial fluid (e.g., shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, wrist joints).
      • Fibrous joint: immovable, bones joined together by dense fibrous connective tissue (e.g., cranial sutures, distal tibiofibular).
      • Cartilaginous joint: limited movement, bones joined together by cartilage (e.g., joints between vertebral bodies, joint between first rib and sternum).

    Muscular System

    • The muscular system includes all types of muscles in the body.
    • Skeletal muscles act on the body joints to produce movements.
    • The muscular system also contains tendons that attach muscles to bones.

    Types of Muscle Tissue

    • Cardiac muscle: forms the muscular layer of the heart (myocardium).
    • Smooth muscle: found in the walls of blood vessels and hollow organs.
    • Skeletal muscle: attaches to bones and provides voluntary movement.

    Functions of Skeletal Muscles

    • Production of movement.
    • Maintenance of posture and muscle tone.
    • Heat production.
    • Stabilization of joints and protection of bones and internal organs.

    Organization of Skeletal Muscles

    • Muscles are organized into four groups for every region of the body:
      • Muscles of the head and neck.
      • Muscles of the trunk.
      • Muscles of the upper limbs.
      • Muscles of the lower limbs.

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