Anatomy of the Perineum Breakdown

Questions and Answers

Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the pelvic diaphragm?

Deep Transverse Perineal Muscle (correct)

Puborectalis

Coccygeus Muscle

Pubococcygeus

The pelvic floor includes all the structures of the pelvic diaphragm.

True

What are the primary nerves responsible for innervating the pelvic diaphragm?

Sacral Nerve Roots (S2, S3, S4) and Pudendal nerve

The _______ muscle is involved in helping to resist changes in inter-pelvic pressure.

puborectalis Signup and view all the answers

Match the perineum structures with their purposes:

Pelvic Diaphragm = Foundational support of the pelvic region Deep Perineal Pouch = Prevention of urinary incontinence Perineal Membrane = Separation of deep and superficial perineal pouches Superficial Perineal Pouch = Contains external genitalia muscles Signup and view all the answers

Which artery provides blood supply to the pelvic diaphragm?

Inferior Gluteal Artery Signup and view all the answers

The compressor urethrae muscle is present in both men and women.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the deep perineal pouch?

Supporting the diaphragm and preventing urinary incontinence Signup and view all the answers

The _______ nerve supplies the deep perineal pouch.

perineal Signup and view all the answers

Which of these structures is part of the pelvic diaphragm?

Iliococcygeus Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is NOT part of the superficial perineal pouch?

Levator Ani Muscle Signup and view all the answers

The Internal Pudendal Artery supplies blood to the Ischiocavernosus Muscle.

True Signup and view all the answers

What structure is located in the superficial layer above the muscles of the superficial perineal pouch?

Colles' fascia Signup and view all the answers

The __________ nerve branches from the Pudendal Nerve.

Perineal Signup and view all the answers

Match the following structures with their respective functions:

Ischiocavernosus Muscle = Supports erectile tissues during sexual activity Bulbocavernosus Muscle = Facilitates ejaculation and assists in clitoral erection Transverse Perineal Muscle = Provides support to the perineal body Great Vestibular Gland = Produces lubrication during vaginal intercourse Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the muscles in the superficial perineal pouch?

Flexing muscles for sexual function Signup and view all the answers

Weakness in the pelvic floor can lead to stress urinary incontinence.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the relevance of the Broad Ligament with respect to the ovaries?

It indirectly attaches to the ovaries. Signup and view all the answers

The action phrase 'S2-3-4 keep your __________ off the floor' is used to remember the nerve supply of the pelvic floor.

penis/poo/pee Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the Internal Anal sphincter is correct?

It is part of the rectum. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Structure Overview

The perineum anatomy is organized cranially to caudally: Pelvic Diaphragm, Deep Perineal Pouch, Perineal Membrane, Superficial Perineal Pouch.
Pelvic Diaphragm and Pelvic Floor are distinct entities; the Pelvic Floor encompasses all elements of the Pelvic Diaphragm and other associated structures.

Pelvic Diaphragm

Composed of muscles: Coccygeus and Levator Ani (which includes Iliococcygeus, Pubococcygeus, Puborectalis).
Innervated by Sacral Nerve Roots (S2, S3, S4) and Pudendal nerve.
Blood supply from Inferior Gluteal Artery, Inferior Vesical Artery, and Pudendal Artery.
Provides foundational support to the pelvic region; critical for preventing urinary and fecal incontinence through relaxation of the puborectalis during bathroom activities.
Sacrospinous ligament contributes to pelvic stability by limiting movement at the greater and lesser sciatic foramen.

Deep Perineal Pouch

Contains muscles common to both genders: Deep Transverse Perineal Muscle and External Urethral Sphincter.
Additional muscles for women include Compressor Urethrae Muscle and Sphincter Urethrovaginalis Muscle.
Supplied by Perineal Artery and innervated by Perineal Nerve (S2, S3, S4).
Supports the pelvic diaphragm and plays a role in preventing urinary incontinence.

Perineal Membrane

Blood supplied by Internal Pudendal Artery; innervated by Perineal Nerve (S2, S3, S4).
Provides additional support and separates the Deep Perineal Pouch from the Superficial Perineal Pouch.

Superficial Perineal Pouch

Muscles include Ischiocavernosus, Transverse Perineal Muscle, and Bulbocavernosus (Bulbospongiosus in men).
Contains the Perineal Body ligament.
Blood supply from Internal Pudendal Artery (Ischiocavernosus) and Perineal Artery; innervated by Pudendal Nerve (S2, S3, S4).
Primarily involved in superficial functions like sexual activity and lubrication, rather than deep support.

Pelvic Conditions and Notable Points

Weakened pelvic floor can cause stress urinary incontinence due to hypermobility of the bladder neck and urethra.
Internal anal sphincter is associated with the rectum, thus not part of the pelvic floor.
Broad Ligament indirectly connects to the ovaries but does not comprise the vagina.
Perineal Nerve branches from the Pudendal Nerve, contributing to pelvic function and sensation.

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Description

Explore the anatomy of the perineum with this detailed quiz. It covers the hierarchy of structures from the pelvic diaphragm to the superficial perineal pouch. Understand the distinctions between the pelvic diaphragm and pelvic floor in a concise manner.