40 Questions
What is the staining characteristic of the nonmyelinated axons in the optic nerve head?
They are not stained by Luxol fast blue
Which of the following tissues separates the optic nerve fibers from the retinal layers?
Intermediary tissue of Kuhnt
What is the location of the marginal tissue of Elsching?
Outer to the glial sheets
What is the purpose of the central meniscus of Kuhnt?
Not mentioned in the text
What is the composition of the spur of collagenous tissue?
Collagenous tissue of scleral derivation
What is the function of the astroglial membrane?
Not mentioned in the text
What is the significance of the dotted lines in Figure 40.32?
They represent the borders of the lamina cribrosa
What is the relationship between the optic nerve fibers and the connective tissue septa?
The connective tissue septa are from the pia mater
What structure separates the nerve fascicles and their surrounding astrocytes at the lamina cribrosa?
Cribriform plate
What is the main component of the septal tissue?
Pial mater
At which point do the nerve fibers become myelinated?
At the lamina cribrosa
What structure sends connective tissue to the anterior part of the lamina?
External choroid
What type of glial cell is present within the nerve fascicles?
Oligodendrocytes
What is the function of the astrocytes in the retina?
To segregate the nerve fibers into bundles
What is the name of the glial lining continuous with the intermediary tissue of Kuhnt?
Mantle of astrocytes
What is the name of the structure where the nerve fibers terminate?
Optic disc
What is the shape of the optic chiasm?
Rectangular
Which nerve fibers connect the optic chiasm to the lateral geniculate visual nuclei?
A combination of magnocellular, contralateral parvicellular, and ipsilateral parvicellular fibers
What is the function of the lateral geniculate nucleus?
To regulate the flow of visual information and ensure it is sent to the visual cortex
Which part of the visual cortex is equivalent to Brodmann area 17?
Striate cortex
What is the name of the tract that nerve fibers from the LGN form as they leave the LGN?
Optic radiations
Which artery supplies the outer retinal layers?
Choroid
What is the name of the network that supplies the superior part of the optic chiasm?
Superior network
Which artery supplies the optic tract?
Anterior choroidal artery
Which artery supplies the middle radiations in the visual pathway?
Middle cerebral artery
What is the functional significance of the visual field?
It is the entire visible area an eye can detect around a point of regard.
Which structure receives fibers from the temporal retina?
Temporal side of the optic disc
What is the pattern of fibers from the nasal retina in the optic disc?
They radiate directly to the nasal side
Which part of the retina gives rise to the papillomacular bundle?
Macula
Which artery supplies the striate cortex?
Posterior cerebral artery
What happens to the nasal fibers in the optic chiasm?
They decussate
What is the arrangement of axons in the nerve fiber layer of the retina?
Three basic patterns
In the optic chiasm, where do inferior peripheral nasal fibers cross?
In the inferoanterior part of the chiasm
What is the name of the loop formed by the superior peripheral nasal fibers in the optic tract?
Posterior knee of von Willebrand
In the optic tract, which fibers occupy the lateral area?
Contralateral inferior nasal retinal fibers
In the lateral geniculate nucleus, which layers receive contralateral nasal retinal fibers?
Layers 1, 4, and 6
Which fibers follow an indirect route to the occipital lobe through the temporal lobe?
Fibers from the inferior retina
Where do the inferior radiations terminate in the striate cortex?
Lingual gyrus
Which part of the striate cortex receives projections from the macular area?
Superior macular in the cuneus gyrus and inferior macular in the lingual gyrus
Which side of the brain receives sensory input from the left side of the visual environment?
Right side of the brain
Test your knowledge of the optic nerve head anatomy, including the surface nerve fiber layer, physiologic cup, prelaminar region, and lamina cribrosa. Identify the different regions and structures of the optic nerve head, including the nonmyelinated and myelinated axons.
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