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Questions and Answers
What are the two main parts of the nervous system?
Which part of the nervous system is responsible for integrating and processing information?
What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?
Which division of the peripheral nervous system is responsible for transmitting signals between the CNS and the body's internal organs and tissues?
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What are the three primary functions of the nervous system?
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Where is the body's control center located?
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What is the basic unit of the nervous system?
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Which part of the neuron allows communication with other neurons?
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What are the connections between neurons that allow them to transmit signals?
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Which part of the nervous system relays messages back and forth from the brain to different parts of the body?
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Which part of the nervous system is responsible for transmitting signals between the CNS and the body's internal organs?
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What type of neurons send information from the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin to the brain?
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Which part of the nervous system includes non-neuron cells called glia?
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What is responsible for regulating various bodily functions such as breathing, digestion, and heartbeating?
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What part of the nervous system extends from the spinal cord to the periphery and transmits signals to and from the CNS?
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What is responsible for providing support functions for neurons and helping protect and support them?
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Study Notes
Anatomy of the Nervous System
The nervous system is the body's command center, responsible for controlling movement, breathing, sight, thinking, and more. It is composed of two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
Central Nervous System
The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord. It is responsible for integrating and processing information, as well as coordinating and controlling the body's functions. The brain is the body's control center, housing various centers that carry out motor and sensory functions.
Peripheral Nervous System
The PNS is made up of nerves that branch off from the spinal cord and extend throughout the body. It is further subdivided into the somatic nervous system (SNS) and the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which includes the sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric divisions. The PNS is responsible for transmitting signals between the CNS and the body's internal organs and tissues.
Functions of the Nervous System
The nervous system has three primary functions: sensory input, integration of data, and motor output. It gathers information through neurons, glia, and synapses, processes this information, and transmits it to the appropriate parts of the body. The nervous system allows us to sense our environment, think, move, and feel, regulating various bodily functions such as breathing, digestion, and heartbeating.
Neurons and Synapses
The basic unit of the nervous system is a nerve cell, or neuron. Neurons consist of a cell body, which includes the cell nucleus, and special extensions called axons and dendrites. Axons and dendrites allow neurons to communicate with each other, even across long distances. Synapses are the connections between neurons that allow them to transmit chemical or electrical signals. Neurons can be classified into different types, each controlling or performing specific functions in the body.
Central Nervous System
The CNS is responsible for integrating and processing information, as well as coordinating and controlling the body's functions. It includes the brain, which is the body's control center, and the spinal cord, which contains thread-like nerves that branch out to every organ and body part. The spinal cord relays messages back and forth from the brain to different parts of the body, allowing us to think, learn, move, and feel.
Peripheral Nervous System
The PNS is responsible for transmitting signals between the CNS and the body's internal organs and tissues. It consists of nerves that run throughout the whole body, extending from the spinal cord to the periphery. The PNS includes sensory neurons that send information from the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin to the brain, as well as motor neurons that carry messages away from the brain to the rest of the body, allowing muscles to move. The peripheral nervous system also includes non-neuron cells called glia, which provide support functions for the neurons and help protect and support them.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the structure and functions of the nervous system including the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, neurons, and synapses. Explore the intricacies of sensory input, integration of data, and motor output in this quiz.
