Anatomy of the Muscular System
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Questions and Answers

What is the basic structure of life?

  • Cells (correct)
  • Organ Systems
  • Organs
  • Tissues

    • What do organs work together to form?

  • Tissues
  • Organs
  • Organ Systems (correct)
  • Cells

    • What is the study of the structures of an animal that can be seen with the naked eye?

  • Gross anatomy (correct)
  • Physiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Microscopic anatomy

    • What is the study of the functions of cells, tissues, and organs of an animal?

    <p>Physiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to study anatomy and physiology in the production of livestock?

    <p>To improve the efficiency of production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the level of organization that carries out specific functions in an organism?

    <p>Organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do cells, tissues, and organs work together to complete a task?

    <p>Through physiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the study of the chemical reactions within cells, tissues, and organs?

    <p>Biochemistry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the study of the form, shape, and appearance of an animal?

    <p>Anatomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of cells in an organism?

    <p>To carry out specific functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the level of organization that performs specific tasks in an organism?

    <p>Organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the study of the structures of an animal that can only be seen under magnification?

    <p>Microscopic anatomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of organs working together in an organism?

    <p>Organ systems are formed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary for cells to survive?

    <p>Oxygen, food/energy, and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the study of anatomy and physiology important in livestock production?

    <p>To improve the efficiency of livestock production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of fat is present in bones?

    <p>4%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of ligaments in the skeletal system?

    <p>To hold joints together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the soft, spongy tissue found in the core of bones?

    <p>Marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the skeletal system in relation to movement?

    <p>To make locomotion possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the study of the structure, shape, and appearance of an animal?

    <p>Anatomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many cervical bones are found in the horse skeleton?

    <p>7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of muscles in the body?

    <p>To facilitate movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of muscle is under the organism's conscious control?

    <p>Voluntary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of tendons in the body?

    <p>To attach muscles to bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone is also known as the shoulder blade?

    <p>Scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the bones in the wrist?

    <p>Carpal bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of muscles?

    <p>Protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Muscular System

    • The muscular system consists of voluntary and involuntary muscles
    • Voluntary muscles are under the organism's conscious control, examples include triceps
    • Involuntary muscles automatically move to regulate body functions, examples include heart and diaphragm
    • Muscles are composed of fibrous cells that contract and relax in pairs
    • Tendons are long, thin, stretchy tissues that attach muscles to bones
    • Muscles pull against bone when they contract, causing movement

    Skeletal System

    • The skeletal system provides structure and support to the body
    • It protects internal organs and makes locomotion possible
    • Bones are composed of 50% water, 26% minerals (calcium and phosphorus), 20% protein, and 4% fat
    • The core of bones is soft and spongy, called marrow, which produces new red blood cells
    • Cartilage is a soft, tough tissue found between bones that cushions joints
    • Ligaments are long, stretchy tissues that hold joints together

    Skeletal System of Animals

    • The horse skeleton consists of:
      • Cervical bones (7)
      • Thoracic bones (13)
      • Lumbar bones (7)
      • Sacral bones (3)
      • Cranial bones (1)
      • Caudal bones (tail bones)
    • The dog skeleton consists of:
      • Scapula (shoulder blade)
      • Pelvis (hip bone)
      • Clavicle (collar bone)
      • Femur (thigh bone)
      • Sternum (breast plate)
      • Fibula (outer lower leg bone)
      • Ulna (inner lower leg bone)
      • Tibia (shin bone)
      • Calcis (heel bone)
      • Radius (forearm bone)
      • Metacarpal bones (wrist bones)
      • Tarsal bones (ankle bones)
      • Metatarsal bones (foot bones)
      • Phalanges (toe bones)

    Nervous System

    • The nervous system consists of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system (nerves)
    • The brain coordinates all aspects of animal function
    • The spinal cord is the main "highway" for nerve impulses to travel from the brain to the rest of the body
    • Nerves branch out and reach the rest of the body, using electrical impulses to send messages from the brain throughout the body

    Circulatory System

    • The heart is a muscle that pumps blood with 4 chambers and 2 valves
    • Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs and heart to tissues
    • Veins carry blood back from tissues to the lungs and heart
    • Blood consists of:
      • Plasma (liquid part of blood)
      • Red blood cells (carry oxygen and carbohydrates)
      • White blood cells (fight pathogens)
      • Platelets (make blood clot)

    Respiratory System

    • The respiratory system brings oxygen into the body and expels carbon dioxide
    • The exchange of gases happens inside the lungs in the alveoli
    • The lungs expand and contract due to the movement of the diaphragm
    • The respiratory system consists of:
      • Nose (external opening)
      • Pharynx (connects esophagus and trachea)
      • Larynx (voice box)
      • Trachea (wind pipe)
      • Lungs

    Excretory System

    • The excretory system removes waste materials from the body
    • The kidneys remove waste materials from the blood
    • The bladder holds liquid waste (urine)
    • The ureters connect the bladder to the urethra
    • The urethra empties urine to the exterior of the animal

    Digestive System

    • The digestive system breaks down food into usable energy
    • The digestive system removes unusable food from the body
    • The digestive system consists of:
      • Mouth
      • Esophagus
      • Stomach
      • Small intestine
      • Cecum
      • Large intestine
      • Rectum
      • Anus

    Endocrine System

    • The endocrine system is a group of ductless glands that secrete hormones to regulate certain functions of the body
    • The endocrine system plays a large role in reproduction, digestion, growth, and other functions
    • Examples of endocrine glands include:
      • Hypothalamus
      • Pituitary
      • Pancreas
      • Liver
      • Thyroid
      • Adrenal

    Why Study Anatomy and Physiology?

    • Efficient production of livestock requires understanding the anatomy and physiology related to production
    • Production includes muscle gain, milk or egg production, and hair or wool production
    • Raising animals requires an understanding of the needs required for animal wellbeing
    • Animal wellbeing is caring for animals so that their basic needs are met and they do not suffer

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of the muscular system with this quiz, covering various muscle groups and their locations. Identify the correct muscles from the options provided. Enhance your understanding of human anatomy and muscles with this quiz.

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