Anatomy of the Mouth
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Questions and Answers

Where does the duct of the parotid salivary gland open in the mouth?

  • Opposite the upper second molar tooth (correct)
  • Near the upper first molar tooth
  • Into the sublingual space
  • Into the oropharynx

What are the main structural components of the mouth proper?

  • The hard palate and the soft palate
  • The tongue and the uvula
  • The roof and the floor (correct)
  • The teeth and the gums

What is the function of the parotid salivary gland duct?

  • To release hormones into the bloodstream
  • To transport saliva into the mouth (correct)
  • To absorb nutrients from food
  • To secrete digestive enzymes into the stomach

Which location describes the vestibule of the mouth?

<p>The area between the lips and the teeth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tooth is directly opposite the opening of the parotid saliva duct?

<p>Upper second molar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical structure is formed by the sublingual gland in the mouth?

<p>Sublingual fold (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primarily forms the roof of the mouth?

<p>Hard and soft palate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do the ducts of the sublingual gland open?

<p>On the summit of the sublingual fold (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of secretion is primarily produced by the sublingual gland?

<p>Mucous (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the submandibular duct open in the mouth?

<p>On the floor of the mouth adjacent to the frenulum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is located at the back portion of the roof of the mouth?

<p>Soft palate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the sublingual fold?

<p>A low fold of mucous membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is associated with the floor of the mouth?

<p>Submandibular gland (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the other name for the sublingual fold?

<p>Plica semilunaris (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature is found on either side of the frenulum of the tongue?

<p>Small papillae of the submandibular duct (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of tissue are the palatine tonsils composed of?

<p>Lymphoid tissue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is located within the fold between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches?

<p>Palatopharyngeus muscle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the palatine tonsils located?

<p>Between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the palatine tonsils is true?

<p>They are masses of lymphoid tissue. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is NOT associated with the palatine tonsils?

<p>Esophagus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the soft palate?

<p>To aid in the production of speech (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the soft palate located?

<p>Attached to the posterior border of the hard palate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the free posterior border of the soft palate contain?

<p>A conical projection called the uvula (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the soft palate is incorrect?

<p>It forms part of the nasal cavity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the uvula in relation to the soft palate?

<p>It assists in regulating airflow during speech (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action do the palatopharyngeus muscles perform during contraction?

<p>They draw the palatopharyngeal arches medially. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the medial contraction of the palatopharyngeus muscles?

<p>It closes off the nasal part of the pharynx from the oral part. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the palatopharyngeus muscles contribute to the function of the pharynx?

<p>They facilitate swallowing by closing off the nasal pharynx. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may happen if the palatopharyngeus muscles do not function properly?

<p>Difficulty in producing nasal sounds. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the role of palatopharyngeus muscles during swallowing?

<p>They prevent food from entering the nasal cavity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Hard Palate

The bony, front portion of the roof of the mouth.

Soft Palate

The soft, muscular, rear portion of the roof of the mouth.

Floor of Mouth

The bottom surface of the oral cavity.

Submandibular Duct

The duct that carries saliva from the submandibular gland.

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Frenulum of the Tongue

The small fold of tissue that connects the underside of the tongue to the floor of the mouth.

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Parotid Duct Opening

The opening where saliva from the parotid gland enters the mouth.

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Vestibule of Mouth

The space between the teeth and the lips or cheeks.

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Roof of Mouth Proper

Refers to the hard and soft palate, which form the top of the mouth.

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Floor of Mouth Proper

The bottom part of the mouth, formed by the tongue and the floor of the mouth

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Mouth Proper

The central cavity of the mouth, behind the teeth, where the tongue resides

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Sublingual Gland

A salivary gland located beneath the tongue.

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Sublingual Fold

A fold of mucous membrane in the mouth created by the sublingual gland.

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Plica Semilunaris

Another name for the sublingual fold, due to its crescent-shaped appearance.

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Ducts of the Sublingual Gland

These are the small channels that carry saliva from the sublingual gland into the mouth.

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Summit of the Sublingual Fold

The highest point of the sublingual fold, where the ducts of the sublingual gland open.

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Palatopharyngeus Muscle

The muscle found within the fold of tissue that connects the soft palate to the pharynx (throat).

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Palatine Tonsils

Lymphoid tissue masses located between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches, responsible for immune defense.

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Palatoglossal Arch

A fold of tissue that connects the soft palate to the tongue.

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Palatopharyngeal Arch

A fold of tissue that connects the soft palate to the pharynx (throat).

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Lymphoid Tissue

Specialized tissue found in various parts of the body, involved in immune responses.

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What is the soft palate?

The soft palate is a mobile fold of tissue at the back of the roof of the mouth. It's made of muscle and connects to the hard palate.

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What does the soft palate do?

The soft palate helps with swallowing by moving upwards to seal off the nasal cavity, preventing food from going up your nose.

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What is the uvula?

The uvula is a small, teardrop-shaped projection hanging down from the middle of the soft palate.

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What is the hard palate?

The hard palate is the bony, front part of the roof of your mouth. It forms the hard, rigid part.

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How are the hard and soft palates connected?

The soft palate is continuous with the hard palate. This means they are connected and work together to form the roof of your mouth.

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Closing the Nasal Passage

The contraction of the palatopharyngeus muscles pulls the palatopharyngeal arches inward, effectively shutting off the nasal passage during swallowing.

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Oral Part of Pharynx

The lower portion of the pharynx, behind the mouth, where the food travels during swallowing.

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Nasal Part of Pharynx

The upper portion of the pharynx, connected to the nasal cavity, which is closed off during swallowing.

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Study Notes

Anatomy of the Mouth

  • The lips surround the oral orifice, are covered in skin externally and mucous membrane internally
  • The lips' substance includes the orbicularis oris muscle and radiating facial muscles
  • Labial blood vessels, nerves, connective tissue, and salivary glands are also present
  • The philtrum is a shallow vertical groove on the upper lip's midline
  • The mouth extends from the lips to the pharynx, and is divided into the vestibule and the mouth cavity
  • The vestibule is the slit-like space between the lips/cheeks and the gums/teeth
  • It communicates with the oral fissure and the mouth proper, behind the third molar tooth on each side
  • The parotid salivary duct opens into the vestibule near the upper second molar
  • The mouth proper has a roof and a floor; the roof is formed by the hard palate and the soft palate
  • The floor of the mouth is formed by the submandibular gland, which opens onto the floor by a small papilla

Mucous Membrane of the Mouth

  • In the vestibule, the mucous membrane is attached to the buccinator muscle.
  • The mucous membrane of the gingiva (gums) is firmly attached to the alveolar periosteum
  • The mucous membrane is tethered to prevent excess folds during jaw closure

Sensory Innervation of the Mouth

  • The greater palatine and nasopalatine nerves (maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve) innervate the roof of the mouth
  • The hard palate is composed of the palatine processes of the maxilla and the horizontal plates of the palatine bones
  • The hard palate is continuous with the soft palate behind
  • The soft palate is a mobile fold attached to the hard palate, containing the uvula
  • The soft palate includes mucous membrane, palatine aponeurosis, and associated muscles
  • The mucous membrane covers both the upper and lower surfaces of the soft palate

Palatine Aponeurosis

  • The palatine aponeurosis is a fibrous sheet connected to the hard palate's posterior border.
  • It’s the expanded tendon of the tensor veli palatini muscle.

Muscles of the Soft Palate

  • The soft palate's muscles include tensor veli palatini, levator veli palatini, palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus, and uvulae muscle.

Nerve Supply of the Palate

  • The greater and lesser palatine nerves (maxillary branch of the trigeminal) enter through respective foramina
  • The nasopalatine nerve (maxillary branch) enters through incisive foramen
  • The glossopharyngeal nerve innervate the soft palate as well

Blood Supply of the Palate

  • The maxillary artery's greater palatine branch, the ascending palatine branch of the facial artery, and the ascending pharyngeal artery provide blood supply to the palate.

Lymph Drainage of the Palate

  • Deep cervical lymph nodes drain the palate

Palatoglossal/Palatopharyngeal Arch

  • The palatoglossal arch is a mucous membrane containing the palatoglossus muscle extending from the soft palate to the tongue
  • The palatopharyngeal arch runs laterally behind the palatoglossal arch into the pharyngeal walls
  • Palatine tonsils are located between the palatoglossal and pharyngeal arches

Movements of the Soft Palate

  • The soft palate raises to close the pharyngeal isthmus, which is the communication space between the nasal and oral parts of the pharynx
  • This action occurs during speech, particularly during the production of explosive consonants.
  • The levator veli palatini, palatopharyngeus, and superior constrictor muscles assist in raising the soft palate.

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Anatomy of the Mouth Lecture 5 PDF

Description

Explore the intricate structures of the mouth, including the lips, vestibule, and mouth cavity. This quiz covers the composition and functions of the oral anatomy, highlighting the salivary glands and muscular structure involved. Enhance your understanding of this vital part of human anatomy.

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