Podcast
Questions and Answers
Where is the Middle Mediastinum located?
Where is the Middle Mediastinum located?
- Anterior to the sternum
- Inferior to the sternal angle (correct)
- Posterior to the vertebrae
- Superior to the sternal angle
Which layer of the pericardium prevents overfilling of the heart?
Which layer of the pericardium prevents overfilling of the heart?
- Parietal Layer of Serous Pericardium
- Epicardium
- Fibrous Pericardium (correct)
- Visceral Layer of Serous Pericardium
What is the function of Endocardium in the heart?
What is the function of Endocardium in the heart?
- Prevents clotting of blood within the heart (correct)
- Contracts the heart
- Anchors the heart to surrounding structures
- Lines the external heart surface
Which structure forms a barrier between the oxygen-hungry myocardium and blood?
Which structure forms a barrier between the oxygen-hungry myocardium and blood?
What is the role of Serous Pericardium in relation to fibrous pericardium?
What is the role of Serous Pericardium in relation to fibrous pericardium?
How does the Middle Mediastinum relate to the lungs?
How does the Middle Mediastinum relate to the lungs?
What is the function of the Tricuspid Valve?
What is the function of the Tricuspid Valve?
Which valve is located between the left ventricle and the aorta?
Which valve is located between the left ventricle and the aorta?
What type of sound is associated with the closure of the AV Valve?
What type of sound is associated with the closure of the AV Valve?
How many pocket-like cusps do each of the SemiLunar Valves consist of?
How many pocket-like cusps do each of the SemiLunar Valves consist of?
During which phase does the Semilunar Valve open?
During which phase does the Semilunar Valve open?
What is required for the heart to function?
What is required for the heart to function?
What is the normal electrical axis range in degrees?
What is the normal electrical axis range in degrees?
In which direction is the electrical axis usually oriented?
In which direction is the electrical axis usually oriented?
What does a QRS negative in lead I and positive in aVF indicate?
What does a QRS negative in lead I and positive in aVF indicate?
What method is used to determine the electrical axis from an ECG trace?
What method is used to determine the electrical axis from an ECG trace?
What does QRS positive in lead I and negative in aVF indicate?
What does QRS positive in lead I and negative in aVF indicate?
What causes repolarization in cardiac cells?
What causes repolarization in cardiac cells?
Which ions are responsible for depolarization in cardiac cells?
Which ions are responsible for depolarization in cardiac cells?
What happens during plateau phase in cardiac cell action potentials?
What happens during plateau phase in cardiac cell action potentials?
What triggers further release of Ca+ by the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum in cardiac cells?
What triggers further release of Ca+ by the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum in cardiac cells?
In which type of cardiac cells are Fast 'Non-Pacemaker' Type action potentials found?
In which type of cardiac cells are Fast 'Non-Pacemaker' Type action potentials found?
What is responsible for making the membrane potential more negative during repolarization in cardiac cells?
What is responsible for making the membrane potential more negative during repolarization in cardiac cells?
What is the role of action potentials in the conduction network of the heart?
What is the role of action potentials in the conduction network of the heart?
What effect does direct stimulation of the Parasympathetic NS have on heart rate?
What effect does direct stimulation of the Parasympathetic NS have on heart rate?
How does the sympathetic nervous system affect the heart?
How does the sympathetic nervous system affect the heart?
What effect does NorAdrenaline have on the heart when released by the Sympathetic NS?
What effect does NorAdrenaline have on the heart when released by the Sympathetic NS?
What is one characteristic of action potentials in comparison to Ventricular Myocardial Fibers?
What is one characteristic of action potentials in comparison to Ventricular Myocardial Fibers?
What happens when AcetylCholine binds to Muscarinic receptors in SA/AV Nodes?
What happens when AcetylCholine binds to Muscarinic receptors in SA/AV Nodes?
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