Anatomy of the Liver Matching Exercise
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Questions and Answers

Match the following liver anatomy terms with their definitions:

bare area = Area superior to the liver that is not covered by peritoneum so that inferior vena cava may enter the chest caudate lobe = Smallest lobe of the liver situated on the posterosuperior surface of the left lobe; the ligamentum venosum is the anterior border epigastrium = Lies in the epigastrium and left hypochondrium falciform ligament = Extends from the umbilicus to the diaphragm in a sagittal plane and contains the ligamentum teres

Match the following liver anatomy terms with their definitions:

left hypochondrium = Lies in the epigastrium and left hypochondrium left lobe of the liver = Boundary between the right and left lobes of the liver; seen as hyperechoic line on the sagittal image extending from the portal vein to the neck of the gallbladder left portal vein = Supplies the left lobe of the liver ligamentum teres = Extends from the umbilicus to the diaphragm in a sagittal plane and contains the ligamentum teres

Match the following liver anatomy terms with their definitions:

ligamentum venosum = Smallest lobe of the liver situated on the posterosuperior surface of the left lobe; the ligamentum venosum is the anterior border main lobar fissure = Boundary between the right and left lobes of the liver; seen as hyperechoic line on the sagittal image extending from the portal vein to the neck of the gallbladder right hypochondrium = Lies in the epigastrium and left hypochondrium right lobe of the liver = Largest lobe of the liver

Match the following liver anatomy terms with their definitions:

<p>right portal vein = Supplies the left lobe of the liver main portal vein = Supplies the left lobe of the liver ligamentum teres = Extends from the umbilicus to the diaphragm in a sagittal plane and contains the ligamentum teres right lobe of the liver = Largest lobe of the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each liver anatomy term with its corresponding letter:

<p>bare area = C caudate lobe = A epigastrium = N falciform ligament = G</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each liver anatomy term with its corresponding letter:

<p>left hypochondrium = D left lobe of the liver = F left portal vein = I ligamentum teres = H</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following anatomy terms with their descriptions:

<p>Porta hepatis = Enters the liver at the porta hepatis Falciform ligament = Divides medial and lateral segments of left lobe of the liver Right upper quadrant = Contains the liver and gallbladder Left upper quadrant = Contains the left lobe of the liver, spleen, and stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following laboratory terms with their definitions:

<p>Alkaline phosphatase = Specific laboratory tests that look at liver function ALT = Alanine aminotransferase—enzyme of the liver AST = Aspartate aminotransferase—enzyme of the liver Bilirubin = Yellow pigment in bile formed by the breakdown of red blood cells; excreted by liver and stored in the gallbladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following physiology terms with their definitions:

<p>Hepatocellular disease = Classification of liver disease where hepatocytes are the primary problem Hepatocyte = Parenchymal liver cell that performs all functions ascribed to the liver Hepatofugal = Flow away from the liver Hepatopetal = Flow toward the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following physiology terms with their definitions:

<p>Hyperglycemia = Uncontrolled increase in blood glucose levels Hypoglycemia = Deficiency in blood glucose levels Liver function tests = Specific laboratory tests that look at liver function Obstructive disease = Classification of liver disease where the main problem is blocked bile excretion within the liver or biliary system</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the liver disease based on the descriptions:

<p>Mild form of fatty infiltration = A Moderate fatty infiltration = B Severe form of fatty infiltration = C</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the abnormality in the image and determine if acute cholecystitis is present:

<p>Late-stage cirrhosis with thick gallbladder wall, ascites, and shrunken liver. = No, the patient does not show signs of acute cholecystitis. Early-stage cirrhosis with normal gallbladder wall, no ascites, and enlarged liver. = No, the patient does not show signs of acute cholecystitis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the area superior to the liver that is not covered by peritoneum, allowing the inferior vena cava to enter the chest?

<p>Bare area</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure extends from the umbilicus to the diaphragm in a sagittal plane and contains the ligamentum teres?

<p>Falciform ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

What separates the left lobe from the caudate lobe and is shown as an echogenic line on transverse and sagittal images?

<p>Ligamentum venosum</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the boundary between the right and left lobes of the liver, seen as a hyperechoic line on the sagittal image extending from the portal vein to the neck of the gallbladder?

<p>Main lobar fissure</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure supplies the left lobe of the liver?

<p>Left portal vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the ligamentum venosum lie?

<p>Epigastrium and left hypochondrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of hepatocytes?

<p>Bile excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is specific to the liver and is often used as a marker for liver damage?

<p>AST</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which classification of liver disease are blocked bile excretion and issues within the biliary system the primary problem?

<p>Obstructive disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does hyperglycemia refer to?

<p>Uncontrolled increase in blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of alkaline phosphatase in the liver?

<p>Bile excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of hepatofugal flow?

<p>Flow away from the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does AST (aspartate aminotransferase) indicate when elevated in blood tests?

<p>Liver damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are liver function tests commonly used to assess?

<p>Liver function</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to a deficiency in blood glucose levels?

<p>Hypoglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does BUN (blood urea nitrogen) measure?

<p>Amount of nitrogenous waste and creatinine in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Liver Anatomy Terms and Definitions

  • The area superior to the liver not covered by peritoneum that allows the inferior vena cava to enter the chest is known as the bare area.
  • The structure extending from the umbilicus to the diaphragm containing the ligamentum teres is the falciform ligament.
  • The echogenic line that separates the left lobe from the caudate lobe is part of the ligamentum venosum seen on imaging.
  • The boundary between the right and left lobes of the liver is represented by the umbilical fissure, marked as a hyperechoic line extending from the portal vein to the neck of the gallbladder.
  • The left lobe of the liver is supplied by the left hepatic artery.
  • The ligamentum venosum lies in the fissure between the left lobe and the caudate lobe.

Liver Functions and Enzymes

  • Hepatocytes primarily function in metabolism, detoxification, and protein synthesis.
  • Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is specific to the liver and is a key marker for liver damage.
  • Bile duct obstruction and biliary issues are associated with cholestatic liver disease.
  • Hyperglycemia refers to elevated blood glucose levels.
  • Alkaline phosphatase is important for breaking down proteins and is linked to liver and bone health.

Clinical Indicators

  • Hepatofugal flow indicates blood flow away from the liver, often associated with portal hypertension.
  • Elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in blood tests suggests liver damage or other tissue injury.
  • Liver function tests are routinely used to assess liver health, function, and detect disease.
  • Hypoglycemia refers to deficiencies in blood glucose levels, which can impair physiological functions.
  • Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) measures the amount of nitrogen in the blood that comes from urea, indicating kidney function and hydration status.

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Liver Homework PDF

Description

Test your knowledge of liver anatomy with this matching exercise. Match the given anatomy terms with their corresponding definitions to assess your understanding of liver structure.

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