23.4 Lungs
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the serous fluid in the pleural cavity?

  • To remove waste products from the lungs
  • To lubricate the pleural surfaces and reduce friction during breathing (correct)
  • To provide oxygen to the lungs
  • To increase the pressure within the pleural cavity

    • What is the location of the pleural cavity?

  • Inside the lungs
  • Between the visceral and parietal serous membrane layers (correct)
  • Outside the lungs
  • Surrounding the heart

    • What is the normal volume of serous fluid in the pleural cavity?

  • Less than 10 mL
  • Less than 5 mL
  • Less than 15 mL (correct)
  • Less than 20 mL

    • What is the relationship between the visceral and parietal pleurae when the lungs are fully inflated?

    <p>They are almost in contact with each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of the severe chest pain associated with pleurisy?

    <p>Inflammation of the pleura causing the pleural layers to rub against each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal balance between the formation and removal of serous fluid in the pleural cavity?

    <p>A balance normally exists between the formation and removal of serous fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the pleural membranes?

    <p>To compartmentalize organs and limit spread of infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelium makes up the pleural membranes?

    <p>Simple squamous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the parietal pleura line in the thoracic cavity?

    <p>Thoracic walls and superior diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential space between the two pleural membranes called?

    <p>Pleural cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the visceral pleura differ from the parietal pleura?

    <p>Visceral pleura covers the lung surfaces, while parietal pleura lines thoracic walls.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the compartmentalization of organs by the pleural membranes help prevent?

    <p>Spread of infections between organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lung is smaller than the other?

    <p>The left lung</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many lobes does the left lung have?

    <p>Two lobes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the tongue-shaped projection from the superior lobe of the left lung?

    <p>Lingula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many bronchopulmonary segments are typically present in the left lung?

    <p>8 to 10 segments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of bronchopulmonary segments?

    <p>They allow for selective removal of diseased lung tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure does the left lung have to accommodate the heart?

    <p>Cardiac impression and cardiac notch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of the lower intrapleural pressure compared to intrapulmonary pressure?

    <p>Opposing tension between the chest wall and lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the lower intrapleural pressure compared to intrapulmonary pressure?

    <p>To keep the lungs inflated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between intrapleural pressure and intrapulmonary pressure when the lungs deflate?

    <p>Intrapleural pressure becomes equal to intrapulmonary pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a pneumothorax?

    <p>A condition where air enters the pleural cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a pneumothorax develop internally?

    <p>Through a ruptured alveolus or lacerated lung surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between pneumothorax and lung expansion?

    <p>Pneumothorax causes the lungs to fully collapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a collapsed lung?

    <p>Atelectasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the respiratory system in supporting cellular respiration?

    <p>Delivering oxygen and removing carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the medical emergency described in the passage that requires intervention?

    <p>Pneumothorax with a large amount of air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?

    <p>To transfer energy in the form of ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the cardiovascular system in supporting cellular respiration?

    <p>Delivering oxygen and removing carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the citric acid cycle in cellular respiration?

    <p>To release carbon dioxide as a waste product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the fissures in the right lung separate?

    <p>Lobes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which surface of the lungs is adjacent to the ribs?

    <p>Costal surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structures pass through the hilum of the lung?

    <p>Bronchi, pulmonary vessels, lymph vessels, and autonomic nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the apex of each lung located?

    <p>Slightly superior and posterior to the clavicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the conical shape of each lung referred to as?

    <p>Conical morphology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the collective structures extending from the hilum of the lung?

    <p>Root of the lung</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason smoking increases the risk of lung cancer?

    <p>It causes about 85% of all lung cancers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the deleterious effects of smoking on the respiratory system?

    <p>Increased likelihood of pulmonary infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does smoking during pregnancy affect the baby's birth weight?

    <p>It decreases the baby's birth weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following health conditions is NOT mentioned as being associated with smoking?

    <p>Prostate cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way that secondhand smoke exposure can negatively impact children's health?

    <p>Increased risk of bronchitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a health risk posed by thirdhand smoke?

    <p>Poses a health risk, especially to infants and young children</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelium makes up the pleura?

    <p>Simple squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the parietal pleura line within the thoracic cavity?

    <p>Internal thoracic walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the serous fluid within the pleural cavity?

    <p>Preventing infection spread</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the visceral and parietal pleura at the hilum of each lung?

    <p>They are separate and do not meet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of compartmentalization by the pleural membranes?

    <p>Helping prevent the spread of infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the thoracic cavity does the visceral pleura tightly adhere to?

    <p>Lung surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the serous fluid in the pleural cavity?

    <p>To provide lubrication for the pleural surfaces during breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the visceral and parietal pleurae when the lungs are fully inflated?

    <p>They are separated by a potential space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of the severe chest pain associated with pleurisy?

    <p>Friction between the visceral and parietal pleural layers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the pleural membranes in the thoracic cavity?

    <p>To compartmentalize the organs in the thoracic cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the intrapleural pressure and the intrapulmonary pressure when the lungs are deflating?

    <p>The intrapleural pressure is lower than the intrapulmonary pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the balance normally maintained between the formation and removal of serous fluid in the pleural cavity?

    <p>There is a perfect balance between the formation and removal of serous fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the right and left lungs?

    <p>The left lung is smaller due to the heart projecting into the left thoracic cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of bronchopulmonary segments?

    <p>They allow for the removal of diseased portions of the lung while preserving healthy tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the tongue-shaped projection from the superior lobe of the left lung?

    <p>Lingula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many lobes does the left lung have?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the cardiac impression and cardiac notch in the left lung?

    <p>To accommodate the heart, which projects into the left side of the thoracic cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many bronchopulmonary segments are typically present in the right lung?

    <p>10</p> Signup and view all the answers

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