Anatomy of the Large Intestine
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Questions and Answers

Which type of muscle is found in the middle third of the esophagus?

  • Smooth muscle (correct)
  • Striated muscle
  • Cardiac muscle
  • Skeletal muscle

    • What is the function of the circumvallate papillae on the tongue?

  • Provide friction
  • Detect taste
  • Located on the back of the tongue (correct)
  • Lubricate food

    • What is the result of vagus nerve stimulation on the uvula?

  • Relaxation of the tongue
  • Gag reflux (correct)
  • Tongue movement
  • Increased saliva production

    • What is the primary function of the gallbladder?

    <p>Storing and concentrating bile (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of salivary amylase in saliva?

    <p>Break down starch into disaccharides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the inflammation of the parotid gland?

    <p>Mumps (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the swallowing process involves the movement of food from the mouth to the pharynx?

    <p>Buccal phase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated daily production of bile by the liver?

    <p>600-1000 ml/day (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the enteric mesenteries?

    <p>Stabilize the position of attached organs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of pancreatic sodium bicarbonate?

    <p>Neutralizing acidic chyme (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the rugae or rugal folds in the stomach?

    <p>To increase the surface area of the stomach (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of gallstones?

    <p>Drastic dieting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common pathway for bile and pancreatic enzymes to reach the small intestine?

    <p>Common bile duct and duodenal papillia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Kupffer cells in the liver?

    <p>Phagocytizing worn-out and dying cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the gastroesophageal sphincter?

    <p>To prevent reflux of acidic components from the stomach (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the esophagus in the swallowing process?

    <p>Conducting food by peristalsis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the daily production of gastric juice in the stomach?

    <p>2-3 liters per day (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential danger associated with a perforation of the stomach wall?

    <p>Peritonitis and hemorrhage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of HCl in the stomach?

    <p>Kills bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a failure of vitamin B12 absorption?

    <p>Pernicious anemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of small, frequent feeding in individuals with stomach wounds?

    <p>To prevent acid from reacting with the wound (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main site of digestion and absorption of nutrients in the digestive system?

    <p>Small intestine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of gastric ulcers?

    <p>H. pylori bacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of segmentation in the small intestine?

    <p>To mix food with digestive enzymes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the tenia coli?

    <p>To create the haustra, allowing the colon to expand and elongate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the last 15 cm of the digestive tract?

    <p>Rectum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between LBM and diarrhea?

    <p>LBM is caused by an organism, while diarrhea can be stress-induced (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the omental appendices?

    <p>To store fat (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the anus?

    <p>To exit the anal canal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens in the large intestine when there is constipation?

    <p>Too much water is absorbed by the large intestine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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