Anatomy of the Large Intestine

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Which type of muscle is found in the middle third of the esophagus?

Smooth muscle (correct)

Striated muscle

Cardiac muscle

Skeletal muscle

What is the function of the circumvallate papillae on the tongue?

Provide friction

Detect taste

Located on the back of the tongue (correct)

Lubricate food

What is the result of vagus nerve stimulation on the uvula?

Relaxation of the tongue

Gag reflux (correct)

Tongue movement

Increased saliva production

What is the primary function of the gallbladder?

Storing and concentrating bile Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of salivary amylase in saliva?

Break down starch into disaccharides Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the inflammation of the parotid gland?

Mumps Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the swallowing process involves the movement of food from the mouth to the pharynx?

Buccal phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated daily production of bile by the liver?

600-1000 ml/day Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the enteric mesenteries?

Stabilize the position of attached organs Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of pancreatic sodium bicarbonate?

Neutralizing acidic chyme Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the rugae or rugal folds in the stomach?

To increase the surface area of the stomach Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of gallstones?

Drastic dieting Signup and view all the answers

What is the common pathway for bile and pancreatic enzymes to reach the small intestine?

Common bile duct and duodenal papillia Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Kupffer cells in the liver?

Phagocytizing worn-out and dying cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the gastroesophageal sphincter?

To prevent reflux of acidic components from the stomach Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the esophagus in the swallowing process?

Conducting food by peristalsis Signup and view all the answers

What is the daily production of gastric juice in the stomach?

2-3 liters per day Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential danger associated with a perforation of the stomach wall?

Peritonitis and hemorrhage Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of HCl in the stomach?

Kills bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a failure of vitamin B12 absorption?

Pernicious anemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of small, frequent feeding in individuals with stomach wounds?

To prevent acid from reacting with the wound Signup and view all the answers

What is the main site of digestion and absorption of nutrients in the digestive system?

Small intestine Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of gastric ulcers?

H. pylori bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of segmentation in the small intestine?

To mix food with digestive enzymes Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the tenia coli?

To create the haustra, allowing the colon to expand and elongate Signup and view all the answers

What is the last 15 cm of the digestive tract?

Rectum Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between LBM and diarrhea?

LBM is caused by an organism, while diarrhea can be stress-induced Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the omental appendices?

To store fat Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the anus?

To exit the anal canal Signup and view all the answers

What happens in the large intestine when there is constipation?

Too much water is absorbed by the large intestine Signup and view all the answers