30 Questions
What is the main source of nerve supply for the kidney?
Renal plexus
Where does filtration of plasma-derived fluid occur in the kidney?
Glomerulus
What is the role of the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule?
Doesn't play a role in forming filtrate
Which part of the nephron clings to the glomerular capillaries?
Podocytes
What type of cells form podocytes in the kidney?
Branching epithelial cells
Which structure serves as a cup-shaped, hollow structure surrounding the glomerulus?
Bowman's capsule
Where do the collecting ducts deliver urine into?
Minor calyces
Which cells in the nephron have apical microvilli and abundant mitochondria?
Distal convoluted tubule cells
Where are the juxtamedullary nephrons located primarily?
Medulla
Which part of the nephron is responsible for playing an important role in the production of concentrated urine?
Ascending limb
Where does the filtrate from many nephrons ultimately end up before being delivered to the collecting ducts?
Renal cortex
Which cell type lines the glomerular capsule and is involved in filtration within the renal corpuscle?
Podocyte
What is the primary function of the kidneys?
Regulating total water volume and solute concentration
Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?
Producing insulin
What is the function of the ureters in the urinary system?
Transporting urine from kidneys to urinary bladder
Which organ serves as a temporary storage reservoir for urine?
Bladder
What is the purpose of the urethra in the urinary system?
Transporting urine out of the body
Which statement best describes the role of the kidneys in maintaining the body’s internal environment?
Regulating total water volume and toxin levels
Where is the proximal convoluted tubule located in relation to the renal corpuscle?
Closest to the renal corpuscle
What is the main function of the distal convoluted tubule?
Secretion of waste products
Which type of cells are found in the thin segment of the nephron loop?
Intercalated cells
What is a key characteristic of the proximal convoluted tubule cells?
Presence of apical microvilli
Through which structure does the distal convoluted tubule drain?
Collecting duct
What is the function of the basement membrane in the kidney?
Support and filtration barrier
What is the function of vasa recta in the nephrons?
Supply oxygen and nutrients to the tissue
Which part of the nephron loop does the macula densa belong to?
Ascending limb
What is the main role of granular cells (juxtaglomerular cells) in the juxtaglomerular complex?
Detect blood pressure in afferent arteriole
Which type of cells in the juxtaglomerular complex contain chemoreceptors?
Macula densa cells
What is the function of the juxtaglomerular complex in nephrons?
Synthesize and secrete renin to regulate BP
From which vessel do the vasa recta arise in juxtamedullary nephrons?
Efferent arterioles serving juxtamedullary nephrons
Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the kidney, including the renal cortex, renal medulla, glomerular capsule, nephron loop, proximal and distal convoluted tubules, and more.
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