Anatomy of the Iliac Region

Iliac Crest

• The superior border of the ilium, plays a key role in connecting muscles and ligaments.
• Provides an attachment site for abdominal muscles and the latissimus dorsi.

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)

• A prominent bony landmark located at the front of the iliac crest.
• Important for muscle attachment, specifically the sartorius and tensor fasciae latae muscles.

Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS)

• Located below the ASIS, serves as an attachment point for the rectus femoris muscle.
• Plays a role in stabilizing the pelvis during movement.

Posterior Superior Iliac Spine (PSIS)

• Found at the posterior end of the iliac crest, important for identification in anatomical landmarks.
• Involved in the alignment of the pelvis.

Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine (PIIS)

• Located below the PSIS, less prominent than its anterior counterpart.
• Functions as an attachment point for various pelvic muscles.

Greater Sciatic Notch

• A large indentation located posteriorly on the ilium, allows passage for the sciatic nerve.
• Crucial for the transition of structures between the pelvis and lower limb.

Acetabulum

• The cup-shaped socket of the hip joint formed by the fusion of the ilium, ischium, and pubis.
• Articulates with the head of the femur to form the hip joint.

Ischial Spine

• A pointed projection found on the ischium.
• Acts as an attachment point for the sacrospinous ligament and muscles.

Obturator Foramen

• A large opening formed by the ischium and pubis, mostly covered by the obturator membrane.
• Transmits the obturator nerve and vessels to the thigh.

Ischial Ramus

• The part of the ischium that extends towards the pubis.
• Contributes to the formation of the obturator foramen and supports pelvic structures.

Ischial Tuberosity

• A roughened, bony prominence on the ischium, serves as the sit bone.
• Provides support for weight-bearing when sitting and an attachment point for muscles.

Lesser Sciatic Notch

• A smaller indentation located inferior to the greater sciatic notch.
• Serves as a passageway for structures entering and leaving the pelvis.

Pubic Tubercle

• A prominence found on the superior part of the pubis.
• Important landmark for the attachment of ligaments, particularly the inguinal ligament.

Inferior Ramus of Pubis

• The segment of the pubis that extends downward and backward to join the ischium.
• Plays a crucial role in forming the pelvic ring.

Body of Pubis

• The central portion of the pubis, connecting the two pubic bones at the pubic symphysis.
• Involved in weight transfer and the stability of the pelvis.

Ala

• The wing-like part of the ilium, that broadens and flares laterally.
• Provides area for muscle attachment and helps create space for the pelvic cavity.

Ischial Body

• The main portion of the ischium, contributing to the structure and stability of the pelvis.
• Supports the body’s weight when in a sitting position and aids in locomotion.

This quiz explores key anatomical landmarks of the iliac region, including the iliac crest and various spines. Learn about the functions and muscle attachments associated with each landmark. Perfect for students studying human anatomy.