22 Questions
What separates the heart from other structures in the body?
Pericardium
Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the body?
Right atrium
What is the main function of the pulmonary circuit in the body?
Let blood get oxygen
Where is the heart located in the body?
Between the lungs in the mediastinum
Which layer surrounds the heart and is also the outermost layer of the heart?
Epicardium
What is the function of arteries in relation to the heart?
Carry deoxygenated blood away from the heart
What does S7 refer to when both S3 and S4 are heard?
The combination of two heart sounds indicating certain conditions
Which factor impacts stroke volume greatly and influences end systolic volume?
Contractility of the heart muscle
What is the formula for cardiac output (CO) mentioned in the text?
$CO = SV * HR$
Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing heart rate according to the text?
Hypoxia
How is ejection fraction (EF) calculated based on the provided information?
$EF = SV / EDV$
What is the role of the medulla oblongata in heart rate control according to the text?
Controls heart rate through the cardiac accelerator nerves and vagus nerve
During the isovolumic ventricular relaxation phase, which valves are closed?
Both atrioventricular and semilunar valves
What is the main function of papillary muscles in the heart?
Pull the chordae tendineae to prevent backflow
In the cardiac cycle, what occurs during diastole?
Atria refill with blood while relaxed
Which element is responsible for causing the action potential (electrical current) in the heart?
Sodium (Na)
What is the primary function of the SA node in the heart?
Establish cardiac rhythm
Which phase of the cardiac cycle involves the closing of semilunar valves and the atrioventricular valves still being closed?
Isovolumic ventricular relaxation
What is responsible for the 'Lub' sound heard with a stethoscope during auscultation of the heart?
Closing of atrioventricular valves
Which phase of the cardiac cycle involves the repolarization of the ventricles?
'T wave'
What is the function of intercalated discs in cardiac muscle cells?
To hold muscle cells together and aid electrical impulses to reach cell interiors
Which chamber of the heart receives blood continuously from the pulmonary circuit?
Left atrium
Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the heart and the cardiovascular system. Learn about the structure and functions of the heart, as well as its location within the thoracic cavity. Explore how the heart functions as a pump to circulate blood throughout the body.
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