Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
41 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following describes the shape of the ovary?

  • Round
  • Almond-shaped (correct)
  • Cylindrical
  • Triangular

    • The posterior border of the ovary is attached to the broad ligament.

    False

    What extends laterally from the tubal end of the ovary to the pelvis wall?

    Suspensory ligament of the ovary

    The ovarian artery descends on the __________, ureter, and external iliac vessels.

    <p>psoas major</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following structures with their respective functions:

    <p>Suspensory ligament = Transmits ovarian vessels, nerves &amp; lymphatics Mesovarium = Extends from broad ligament to ovary Ligament of the ovary = Connects ovary to uterus Ovarian artery = Supplies blood to the ovary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size of the ovary?

    <p>3x2x1 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The right ovarian vein drains directly into the left renal vein.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical structure is supplied by the uterine artery?

    <p>Medial ¾ of the Fallopian tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The posterior fornix is the shallowest part of the vaginal fornices.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of the vagina in relation to the uterus?

    <p>Up and backwards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The veins draining the uterus form two venous plexuses along its lateral borders, which are drained by a pair of _______ veins.

    <p>uterine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the parts of the uterus with their lymphatic drainage.

    <p>Fundus + upper part of body + uterine tube = para-aortic lymph nodes Lower part of body = external iliac lymph nodes Cornu of uterus = superficial inguinal lymph nodes Cervix = internal iliac lymph nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary site of fertilization in the fallopian tube?

    <p>Ampulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The fallopian tube is 15 cm long.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the uterus?

    <p>pear-shaped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ___________ is the part of the uterus that is completely covered by peritoneum.

    <p>fundus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following parts of the fallopian tube with their characteristics:

    <p>Intramural part = Shortest and narrowest part Isthmus = Rounded, narrow, and thick-walled, 2 cm in length Ampulla = Longest part, thin-walled and site of fertilization Infundibulum = Funnel-shaped and opens into peritoneal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the arterial supply to the medial two-thirds of the fallopian tube?

    <p>Uterine artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The isthmus of the uterus is considered the widest part.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the infundibulum of the fallopian tube open?

    <p>Into the peritoneal cavity near the ovary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cervix of the uterus is divided into the supravaginal and __________ parts.

    <p>vaginal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is located in front of the Fallopian tube?

    <p>Round ligament of uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cervix is covered by peritoneum anteriorly and posteriorly.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the angle formed between the longitudinal axis of the body and the longitudinal axis of the cervix in an anteflexed uterus?

    <p>170 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The broad ligament is a ___________-layered fold of peritoneum extending from the uterus to the side wall of the pelvis.

    <p>double</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following ligaments with their correct descriptions:

    <p>Round ligament of uterus = Passes through the inguinal canal to attach to labia majora Ovarian ligament = Connects the ovary to the uterus Pubocervical ligament = Supports the cervix anteriorly Uterosacral ligament = Supports the cervix posteriorly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is NOT related to the cervix's supra-vaginal part?

    <p>Vagina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pelvic diaphragm does not support the position of the uterus.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the space formed between the peritoneum reflected anteriorly from the uterus?

    <p>Utero-vesical pouch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _________ ligament is a fibromuscular cord connecting the uterine end of the ovary to the uterus.

    <p>ligament of ovary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure ascends along the lateral borders of the uterus?

    <p>Uterine artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the broad ligament connects the ovary to the upper layer of the broad ligament?

    <p>Mesovarium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The upper border of the broad ligament is posteriorly attached to the pelvic floor.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nerves are transmitted through the suspensory ligament of the ovary?

    <p>Ovarian nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The broad ligament divides the cavity of the lesser pelvis into _____ and _____ compartments.

    <p>anterior, posterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the parts of the broad ligament with their descriptions:

    <p>Mesosalpinx = Between fallopian tube and mesovarium Mesometrium = Lower medial part of the broad ligament Suspensory ligament of the ovary = Extends from infundibulum of uterine tube Mesovarium = Connects ovary to broad ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of the broad ligament?

    <p>Round ligament of the ovary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The uterine artery runs along the lower border of the broad ligament.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitutes the anterior compartment of the broad ligament?

    <p>Urinary bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ surface of the broad ligament is related to the coils of the small intestine.

    <p>intestinal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is located in the root of the broad ligament and runs along the medial border?

    <p>Uterine artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The Female Genital System

    • The lecture was presented by Dr. Samar M Abd El-Moneam, a lecturer of human anatomy.
    • The lecture was recorded.
    • Students should know the external and internal genitalia by the end of the lecture.

    External Genitalia

    • Mons pubis: An elevation of skin over the symphysis pubis, with a thick pad of fat.
    • Labia majora: Folds of skin with underlying fat pads, uniting anteriorly to form the mons pubis.
    • Labia minora: Thin folds of skin medial to the labia majora, enclosing the vestibule of the vagina and the urethral opening.
    • Clitoris: A small erectile structure located at the anterior margin of the vestibule of the vagina.

    Internal Genitalia

    • Ovaries: Produce oocytes, estrogen, and progesterone.
    • Uterine tubes: Carry fertilized oocytes to the uterine cavity.
    • Uterus: Houses the growing fetus.
    • Vagina: Involved in intercourse and fetal delivery.

    Ovary

    • Site: Paired structure in the side wall of the pelvis, within the ovarian fossa, completely covered with peritoneum.
    • Size: 3x2x1 cm.
    • Shape: Almond-shaped.
    • Ends: Upper (tubal) and lower (uterine).
    • Upper (tubal) end: Directed upwards and laterally, attached to the ovarian fimbria of the fallopian tube and suspensory (infundibulo-pelvic) ligament.
    • Lower (uterine) end: Directed downwards and medially, attached to the upper lateral angle of the uterus by the ligament of the ovary.
    • Surfaces: Lateral and medial.
    • Lateral surface: Related to the parietal peritoneum of the lateral pelvic wall and obturator nerve and vessels.
    • Medial surface: Related to the fimbriated end of the fallopian tube.
    • Borders: Posterior and anterior.
    • Anterior border: Attached to the upper lateral part of the broad ligament, where the mesovarium transmits the ovarian vessels and nerves.
    • Ovarian fossa: Inferior to the external iliac vessels; posterior to the ureter and internal iliac vessels.

    Broad Ligament

    • A double-layered fold of peritoneum extending from the side of the uterus to the side wall of the pelvis.
    • Divides the lesser pelvis into anterior (bladder) and posterior (rectum, coils of ileum) compartments.
    • It has two surfaces:
      • Lower (vesical) surface: downwards & forwards, related to the bladder
      • Upper (intestinal) surface: upwards & backwards, related to coils of small intestine.
    • It contains the mesovarium, which transmits ovarian nerve and vessels to the ovary.

    Fallopian Tubes

    • Site: Located in the medial 4/5 of the upper free border of the broad ligament, extending from the superior angle of the uterus to the ovary on the side wall of the pelvis
    • Length: 10 cm.
    • Course: Runs upwards laterally from the uterus to the side of the pelvis; Curves backwards, piercing the upper layer of the broad ligament: ends on the medial surface of the ovary at the infundibulum.

    Uterus

    • Shape: Pear-shaped, hollow, thick-walled muscular organ.
    • Size: 3 inches x 2 inches x 1 inch.
    • Divided into three parts: Fundus, body, cervix
    • Fundus: The top portion above the level of the uterine tubes, without a cavity.
    • Body: Part of uterus from the level of the uterine tube to the isthmus. The cavity of the uterus, triangular and freely movable between broad ligament layers.
    • Isthmus: Slight constriction between the body and the cervix.
    • Cervix: The part below the isthmus, cavity is fusiform; divided into supravaginal and vaginal parts.

    Uterine (Intra-mural) Part

    • The shortest, and narrowest part, passing through the wall of the superolateral of the uterus to open into the uterine cavity.
    • Isthmus: It is 2 cm, long, rounded, narrow, and thick-walled
    • Ampulla: The longest (5cm), thin-walled, tortuous, and widest part, the site of fertilization
    • The Infundibulum (fimbriated end): 2 cm funnel-shaped, opening into the peritoneal cavity near the ovary

    Vagina

    • Site: Fibromuscular tube between the cervix and vestibule.
    • Size: 2.5 cm diameter.
    • Direction: It is directed upwards and backwards, forming a right angle with the uterus.
    • Fornices: Four pouches formed by the upper part of the vagina around the vaginal part of the cervix (2 lateral, 1 anterior, and 1 posterior).

    Ureter

    • Located in pelvic wall, 2 cm lateral to the cervix.

    Ligaments of the Uterus

    • Supporting factors of the uterus include pelvic diaphragm, urogenital diaphragm, perineal body, ligaments of the body, ligaments of the cervix.
    • Ligaments of the body: Round ligament of uterus, ovarian ligament, broad ligament.
    • Ligaments of the cervix: Pubocervical ligament, uterosacral ligament, lateral cervical ligament.

    Vascular Supply

    • Arterial supply: The uterine artery, a branch of the internal iliac artery, is the major supplier. Uterine artery ascends through the broad ligament, and turns laterally. Branches of the ovarian artery anastomose with some branches of the uterine artery. Branches of the internal iliac artery (e.g. vaginal arteries) supply the vagina.
    • Venous drainage: Veins accompanying the arteries drain into the internal iliac vein, forming plexuses along the lateral borders of the uterus.
    • Lymphatic and nerve supply: For each region, the anatomical pathways and regions have been noted and summarized

    Additional Information

    • Embryological remnants: epioophoron, paraoophoron.
    • Connective tissue : parametrium.
    • Lymphatics and lymph nodes (L.Ns.)
    • The lecture also mentioned the relationships between the different parts and organs of the female pelvis region (internal and external structures)

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Female Genital System 2025 PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers key aspects of the anatomy of the female reproductive system, focusing on the ovary, uterus, and associated structures. Topics include the shape, size, and functions of various reproductive organs. Test your knowledge about their anatomical relationships and blood supply.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser