Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which structure is known as the 'voice box'?
Which structure is known as the 'voice box'?
- Hyoid bone
- Thyroid gland
- Larynx (correct)
- Trachea
What is the function of the Vomer bone in the nasal cavity?
What is the function of the Vomer bone in the nasal cavity?
- Supporting and protecting the vocal cords
- Dividing the nasal cavity (correct)
- Producing sound waves
- Helping in breathing
What does the Thyroid gland release that controls metabolism?
What does the Thyroid gland release that controls metabolism?
- T3 & T4 hormones (correct)
- Deoxygenated blood
- Carbon dioxide
- Oxygen
Which structure protects the trachea against food aspiration?
Which structure protects the trachea against food aspiration?
What is the main function of the Hyoid bone?
What is the main function of the Hyoid bone?
Where does the Trachea begin and extend down to?
Where does the Trachea begin and extend down to?
What is the normal degree of lateral abduction of the neck?
What is the normal degree of lateral abduction of the neck?
Why is the thyroid gland usually not palpable?
Why is the thyroid gland usually not palpable?
What change in the thyroid gland is common in older adults?
What change in the thyroid gland is common in older adults?
Which part of the eye contains 'puncta' and 'caruncle'?
Which part of the eye contains 'puncta' and 'caruncle'?
What is the function of eyelashes according to the text?
What is the function of eyelashes according to the text?
When should auscultation of the thyroid be performed during a physical assessment?
When should auscultation of the thyroid be performed during a physical assessment?
What structures form the oral cavity?
What structures form the oral cavity?
Which part of the pharynx serves as a connection point through which food, water, and air pass?
Which part of the pharynx serves as a connection point through which food, water, and air pass?
Where does the laryngopharynx divide inferiorly and posteriorly?
Where does the laryngopharynx divide inferiorly and posteriorly?
Which part of the throat includes the back of the tongue, tonsils, soft palate, and pharyngeal wall?
Which part of the throat includes the back of the tongue, tonsils, soft palate, and pharyngeal wall?
Which structure is located behind the mouth and nose and serves as a passage for food and air?
Which structure is located behind the mouth and nose and serves as a passage for food and air?
What parts connect the nasal passages to the rest of the respiratory system?
What parts connect the nasal passages to the rest of the respiratory system?
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Study Notes
Head and Neck Assessment
- Exposure stimulates new bone formation at the tympanic ring within the external auditory canal
- The oral cavity, also known as the mouth, is formed by the lips, cheeks, hard and soft palates, uvula, and the tongue and its muscles
Mouth and Throat
- The oral cavity contains the tongue, teeth, gums, and the openings of the salivary glands
- The throat, also known as the pharynx, is a muscular passage for food and air located behind the mouth and nose
- The nasopharynx is the upper part of the throat, lying behind the nose, and connects nasal passages to the rest of the respiratory system
- The oropharynx is the middle part of the throat, including the back of the tongue, tonsils, soft palate, and pharyngeal wall, and serves as both respiratory and digestive system
- The laryngopharynx is the lower part of the throat, also known as the hypopharynx, and is a crucial connection point for food, water, and air to pass through
Neck Movement and Palpation
- Neck movement should be smooth and controlled, with 45-degree flexion, 55-degree extension, 40-degree lateral abduction, and 70-degree rotation
- Palpate the trachea and thyroid gland, locating landmarks with the index finger and thumb
- Normal findings: trachea and landmarks are positioned midline, and thyroid gland is usually not palpable unless the client is extremely thin or has a long neck
Thyroid Gland
- The thyroid gland is the largest endocrine gland, located in the base of the neck, and releases hormones (T3 & T4) that control metabolism, growth, and development
- The thyroid gland may feel more nodular or irregular in older adults due to fibrotic changes that occur with aging
Physical Assessment
- Assessing the eyes: eyelids, palpebral fissure, eyelashes, and lacrimal system
- Vomer is a small, thin, midline bone that occupies and divides the nasal cavity
- The hyoid bone is a horse-shoe shaped lingual bone that lies above the thyroid cartilage and is attached to the tongue
Larynx and Trachea
- The larynx is the "voice box" that houses the vocal folds, involved in breathing, producing sounds, and protecting the trachea against food aspiration
- The trachea is the "windpipe" that serves as the passage for air, beginning from the larynx down behind the breastbone (sternum), and divided into two smaller tubes called bronchi
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