Anatomy of the Digestive System
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Questions and Answers

What is the characteristic of the wall of the digestive tract?

  • Consists of a single layer of epithelial cells
  • Made up of four main layers: the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa (correct)
  • Composed of a layer of connective tissue only
  • Composed of three main layers

    • What type of epithelium covers the tongue?

  • Cuboidal epithelium
  • Non-keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium (correct)
  • Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
  • Columnar epithelium

    • What type of glands are found in the submucosa of the tongue?

  • Endocrine glands
  • Merocrine glands
  • Apocrine glands
  • Mucous and serous glands (correct)

    • What is the characteristic of the oral mucosa lining the lip and cheek?

    <p>Non-keratinized epithelium with salivary glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of papillae are found on the dorsal surface of the tongue and have keratinized epithelium?

    <p>Filiform papillae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the salivary glands found in the submucosa of the tongue and associated with the circumvallate papillae?

    <p>Von Ebner's glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of intrinsic factor in the gastric juice?

    <p>To facilitate the absorption of vitamin B12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells produces pepsinogen in the gastric glands?

    <p>Chief cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the smooth muscle fibers in the gastric glands?

    <p>To support the structure of the gastric glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of gastric juice?

    <p>Bicarbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the vagus nerve in regulating gastric secretion?

    <p>It regulates the neural activity that controls gastric secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the lymphoid cells and nodules in the gastric mucosa?

    <p>In the lamina propria between the gastric glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average daily volume of saliva secreted in the human body?

    <p>1,000 ml/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following glands is responsible for producing the most saliva?

    <p>Submandibular Glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the esophagus?

    <p>To transport food and liquid from the pharynx to the stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ions is NOT typically found in saliva?

    <p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH of saliva in the human body?

    <p>6.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the cell type that plays a role in the contraction of salivary glands?

    <p>Myoepithelial Cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the stomach?

    <p>Hormone production and food digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the stomach lining when empty?

    <p>Rugae are longitudinally directed folds that flatten when the stomach is filled with food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the gastric glands in the stomach mucosa?

    <p>To deliver their secretions into the bases of the gastric pits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the surface mucous cells in the gastric mucosa?

    <p>They produce a thick, viscous mucus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the small circular or ovoid invaginations of the epithelial in the stomach mucosa?

    <p>Foveolae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of epithelium found in the gastric mucosa?

    <p>Simple columnar epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the pyloric sphincter muscle in the pyloric region of the stomach?

    <p>To regulate the passage of food into the duodenum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the thick wall in the pyloric region of the stomach?

    <p>It is due to the presence of the pyloric sphincter muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of taking antral, incisura, and corpus biopsies in the clinical case?

    <p>To determine the region of origin of each biopsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the morphology of the structures revealed by the silver stain of the patient's gastric mucosa?

    <p>Small, curved rods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the structures revealed by the silver stain and the patient's chronic gastritis?

    <p>The structures are a cause of the chronic gastritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the muscularis externa in the stomach?

    <p>Inner circular layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the glands in the stomach?

    <p>To produce digestive enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the contraction of the strands in the stomach?

    <p>It facilitates the emptying of the glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

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